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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ecology
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the study of interactions between organisms and their environment
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Species
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lowest level in ecosystem
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Population
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all the organisms of the same species in an area
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Community
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all the organisms in an area
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Ecosystem
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the collection of all the organisms that live in a particular place together with their nonliving environment
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Biome
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a group of ecosystems that have the same climate soil conditions and dominant communities
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Biosphere
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the part of earth in which all life exists including land water and air/atmosphere
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Biotic
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having to do with living or biological things
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Abiotic
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having to do with nonliving or physical things
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Trophic levels
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a step or level in a food chain or a food web. Producers → consumers for 2nd 3rd 4th 5th…
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Autotrophs
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organisms that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce their own food from inorganic compounds. Sometimes called producers
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Producers
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autotrophs
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Photosynthesis
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light energy used to power reactions of water and CO2 to energy
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Chemosynthesis
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when organisms use chemical energy to produce carbs
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Heterotrophs
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called consumers
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Consumers
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rely on other organisms for energy and food
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Herbivores
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get energy from eating plants
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Primary consumers
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something that eats a plant-first one to eat it
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Carnivores
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eat animals
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Omnivores
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eat plants and animals
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Secondary consumers
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something that eats plants and animals-the second one to get energy
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Tertiary consumers
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mostly carnivores and some omnivores-the third to get energy
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Detrivore
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consumers which feed off of plant and animal remains
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Decomposer
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organisms which break down organic matter into organic form
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Food chain
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simplest representation of energy flow in a community
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Food web
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links all the food chains in an ecosystem together and describes the complex interactions and relationships between organisms
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Ecological pyramid
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energy numbers and biomass
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Energy pyramid
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show the 90% loss of energy per level
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Number pyramid
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shows numbers of animals or plants in the ecosystem
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Biomass pyramid
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shows amount of tissue in grams per level
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Biogeochemical cycle
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a cycle involving life forms and nutrients like water or nitrogen
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Algal bloom
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when a nutrient becomes abundant in oceans causing a large amount or algae to start growing. They use it all up quickly and die
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Climate
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the main attitudes or environmental conditions of a place
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Greenhouse effect
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when the greenhouse gases trap sunlight and send it back to earth to heat it up
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Global warming
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when there are too many greenhouse gases and it heats the earth up too much
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Ecological niche
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the job of an organism in it’s environment
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Transpiration
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the passage of water through a plant from the roots through the vascular system to the atmosphere
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Evaporation
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the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas
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Condensation
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the process by which a gas or vapor changes to a liquid
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Seepage
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water that trickles out of the ground to form a pool
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Runoff
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something that drains or flows off
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Precipitation
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rain hail snow etc.
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Root uptake
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the amount of water that plants roots absorb
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Competition
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different organisms fighting for control of an environment
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Predation
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one organism feeding on another
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Symbiosis
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two different species of organisms living together
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Mutualism
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two organisms in a mutually positive relationship
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Commensalism
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two organisms with one benefiting from their relationship but with the other neither benefiting nor being impeded by the relationship
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Parasitism
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two organisms with one benefiting from their relationship but with the other suffering because of it
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