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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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evolution
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a change in genetic characteristics of organisms in a population over time
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macroevolution
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large scalle evolutionary change
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microevolution
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a small scale evolutionary change
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morphology
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a change in structure and form
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natural selection
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organisms change to adapt to the changing environment
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genetic drift
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changes in population thta occur randomly
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adaptations
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advantageous characteristics of an organism
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speciation
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the splitting of one species into two species through evolution
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vestigal organs
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appendages of organisms that are degenerate and the funtion has decreased
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Convergent Evolution
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evolutiong that causes distinctly related organisms to evolve and have similar functions
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ecological isolation
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two species that have different mating seasons, locatins, times of day
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behavioral isolation
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two species that do not respond to each others mating rituals
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mechanical isolation
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two species that cannot physically mate with each other
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gametic isolation
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the gametes of two species do not fuse to make a zygote
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geographical isolation
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two species that live in different geological locations
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allopathic isolation
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the formation of a new species that are geographically isolated from each other.
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sympatric speciation
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the formation of a new species without being geographically isolated; EX: plants
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ecosystems
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organisms and their physical environment
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biotic
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organisms interacting in their environment
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abiotic
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the surrounding environment of the biotic community
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nutrients
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chemical elements that are needed by the body
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biomass
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mass per square unit of organisms
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trophic level
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a level of organisms that make up a food pyramid
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producers
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organisms that produce their own food; EX: plants
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primary consumers
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organisms that consume their own food and eat plants; EX: insects
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secondary consumers
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eat primary consumers
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tertiary consumers
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eat secondary consumers
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carbon cycle
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exchange of carbon and organisms
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nutrient cycle
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exchange of nutrients and organisms
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nitrogen fixation
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the conversion of N2 into NH4 by by bacteria for plants
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