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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is an element?
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a pure substancethat consists of one type of atom
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what is an atom?
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smallest unit of matter means unable to cut
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What is the nucleus and wat makes up the atom?
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protons and neutrons binded together and the center of the atom. atom is made up of subatomic particles: protons neutrons, electrons
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what are a compound a mixture and a solution?"
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compound- substance formed by chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions
mixture-material composed by 2 or more elements or compunds physically mixed together but not chemically combined solution- mixture where all components evenly distributed |
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what are a lipid carbohydrate and a protein?
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carbohydrate: sugar where carbon hydrogen and oxygen are in a 1:2:1 ratio
Lipid: fats that are formed mostly from hydrogen and carbon atoms protein: macromolecules containgin carbon hydrogen and oxygen. made of amino acids |
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what is an amino acid?
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compounds with an amino group on one and and a carboxyl group on other end, make up proteins
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what is an enzyme?
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proteins that act as biological catalysts
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what is a nucleotide?
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monomers that assemble to make nucleic acids. contain 3 parts: 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogen base.
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what are the nucleic acids?
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deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
ribonucleic acid (RNA) |
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what are examples of carbohydrates and lipids
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carbohydrate: sugars and starches
lipids: waxes, fats, oils |
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what are the functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleotides
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carbohydrates:main source of energy for living things
lipids: store energy biological membranes and waterproof coverings proteins: control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes, form bones and muscles, transport substances out of cells or fight disease nucleotides: store and transimit hereditary or genetic information |
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what's the difference between an element and a compound?
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elements are a pure substance of one kind of atom an d a compound contains several kinds of atoms
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what is a suspension?
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mixtures of water and nondissolved material
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what is adhesion?`
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an attraction between molecules of different substances
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why is a water molecule polar?
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because there is an uneven distribution of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms
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