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15 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is an element?
a pure substancethat consists of one type of atom
what is an atom?
smallest unit of matter means unable to cut
What is the nucleus and wat makes up the atom?
protons and neutrons binded together and the center of the atom. atom is made up of subatomic particles: protons neutrons, electrons
what are a compound a mixture and a solution?"
compound- substance formed by chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions

mixture-material composed by 2 or more elements or compunds physically mixed together but not chemically combined

solution- mixture where all components evenly distributed
what are a lipid carbohydrate and a protein?
carbohydrate: sugar where carbon hydrogen and oxygen are in a 1:2:1 ratio

Lipid: fats that are formed mostly from hydrogen and carbon atoms

protein: macromolecules containgin carbon hydrogen and oxygen. made of amino acids
what is an amino acid?
compounds with an amino group on one and and a carboxyl group on other end, make up proteins
what is an enzyme?
proteins that act as biological catalysts
what is a nucleotide?
monomers that assemble to make nucleic acids. contain 3 parts: 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate and a nitrogen base.
what are the nucleic acids?
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

ribonucleic acid (RNA)
what are examples of carbohydrates and lipids
carbohydrate: sugars and starches

lipids: waxes, fats, oils
what are the functions of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleotides
carbohydrates:main source of energy for living things
lipids: store energy biological membranes and waterproof coverings
proteins: control rate of reactions and regulate cell processes, form bones and muscles, transport substances out of cells or fight disease
nucleotides: store and transimit hereditary or genetic information
what's the difference between an element and a compound?
elements are a pure substance of one kind of atom an d a compound contains several kinds of atoms
what is a suspension?
mixtures of water and nondissolved material
what is adhesion?`
an attraction between molecules of different substances
why is a water molecule polar?
because there is an uneven distribution of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms