Biology Final

Front 1

homologous structures

Back 1

bones in a human arm, a bird wing, or the front fin of a dolphin

Front 2

vestigial structures

Back 2

whale's pelvis

Front 3

DNA or protein sequences

Back 3

cytochrome found in human and chimpanzee amino acids

Front 4

community

Back 4

the organisms that live in a particular place

Front 5

habitat

Back 5

the physical location of a community

Front 6

yearly precipitation of 75 to 250 cm

Back 6

deciduous forests

Front 7

more species than any other biome

Back 7

tropical rain forests

Front 8

inhabitants must conserve water to survive

Back 8

desert

Front 9

ground is always frozen

Back 9

tundra

Front 10

phytoplankton

Back 10

found near the surface because they require light

Front 11

diatoms

Back 11

have glasslike shells sometimes used to make detergents and fertilizers

Front 12

dinoflagellates

Back 12

cause the red tides that are poisonous to fish

Front 13

green algae

Back 13

considered to be the ancestors of plants

Front 14

brown algae

Back 14

occur as kelp forests off the coast of California

Front 15

gut

Back 15

internal passage through which food passes while being digested

Front 16

gastrulation

Back 16

process of forming layers of cells

Front 17

ectoderm

Back 17

outer layer of cells formed by gastrulation

Front 18

endoderm

Back 18

inner layer of cells formed by gastrulation

Front 19

bilateral symmetry

Back 19

type of body symmetry whereby an animal can be separated into nearly mirror-image halves when an imaginary line is drawn lengthwise down middle of the body

Front 20

organs

Back 20

collections of different kinds of tissue that are dedicated to one function

Front 21

acoelomate

Back 21

solid body construction of an animal in which the gut is completely surrounded by tissue and organs

Front 22

ray-finned fishes

Back 22

bony fishes whose fins are fan-shaped and are supported by thin bony rays

Front 23

tissue

Back 23

group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function

Front 24

nerve tissue

Back 24

tissue found in the brain, nerves, and sense organs

Front 25

epidermis

Back 25

outer layer of skin

Front 26

dermis

Back 26

inner part of the skin

Front 27

nerves

Back 27

part of the dermis that enables us to sense pressure, temperature, and pain

Front 28

muscles

Back 28

contract and pull hairs in the skin upright when one is cold or afraid

Front 29

blood vessels

Back 29

carry nutrients to the skin and waste products away

Front 30

sweat glands

Back 30

help to keep the body cool through the evaporation of moisture from the skin

Front 31

skull

Back 31

fused bones that protect the brain and form the shape of the face

Front 32

spine

Back 32

made up of vertebrae that support the trunk

Front 33

ribs

Back 33

attached to the sternum by cartilage; protects the heart, lungs, and some other organs

Front 34

shoulder girdle

Back 34

framework of bone to which the arms are attached

Front 35

pelvic girdle

Back 35

framework of bone to which the legs are attached

Front 36

joint

Back 36

place where two or more bones connect

Front 37

ligaments

Back 37

connective tissue that joins bones together

Front 38

sprain

Back 38

injury that results when ligaments are stretched too far

Front 39

cerebrum

Back 39

center of intellect, memory, language, and consciousness

Front 40

cerebellum

Back 40

responsible for well-coordinated body movements

Front 41

plasma

Back 41

protein-rich substance that makes blood a liquid

Front 42

red blood cells

Back 42

cell that carries oxygen from the lungs to all of the cells of the body

Front 43

hemoglobin

Back 43

protein molecule in which oxygen binds easily to the iron

Front 44

white blood cells

Back 44

colorless and irregularly shaped cells that protect the body against foreign invaders

Front 45

platelets

Back 45

fragments of large white blood cells that play an important role in the clotting of blood