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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Biology?
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Science that studies living things
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What is the purpose of microbiology?
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To provide answers and medical treatments for diseases
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What are the main components to all life on Earth?
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Cells
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What keeps a species alive?
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Reproduction
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What does an individual need to survive?
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Adaptation, organization, homeostasis, growth, and development
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What is the scientific study of all the interactions between living and non-living things?
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Ecology
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Where did Ecology get its start?
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Biology
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What should the educational background be for an ecologist?
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Mathematics, chemistry, physics, geology
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What do ecologists study in nature?
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Relationship between living and non-living things
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Where do ecologists perform their experiments?
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In the field and lab
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What kinds of factors interact in the environment?
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Abiotic & Biotic factors
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How does having a variety of climates affect the world?
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Variety of life
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What are the factors that affect a living things ability to survive in nature?
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Limiting factors
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What do limiting factors restrict?
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Existence, numbers, & reproduction
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What are two examples of limiting factors?
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Sun, climate, & natural disaster
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What is an element?
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A substance that can't be broken down into something else
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How many elements make up the structure of living things?
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25%
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What is the smallest part of an element?
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Atom
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What are the three proteins of an atom?
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Proton, neuron, & electron
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Who was the first scientist to see a cell?
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Anton Van Leewenhook
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What technology made it possible to see cells?
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microscopes
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What are the three parts of the cell theory?
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*all living things are made of cells
*cells are the simplest form of life *all cells are made from previous cells |
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Who came up with the term "cell"?
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Robert Hooke
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Who studied cells in plants?
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Mathias Schleiden
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Why are cells small?
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Diffusion and DNA replication
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What is cell division?
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Make a copy of cell
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What happens in the three stages of the cell cycle?
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*Interphase - Growth, reproduction, & prep for cell div.
*Mitosis - Cell division *Cytokinesis - Cell's split |
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What does cell division begin with?
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DNA
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What are the four elements in living things?
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carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, & nitrogen
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What does passive transport do?
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Move materials naturally from a high to low concentration
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What type of passive transport moves carbon dioxide and oxygen?
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Diffusion
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What controls osmosis?
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Concentration of water (just water)
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A beaker is filled with 30% water and 70% salt. A dialysis tube filled with 80% water and 20% salt is placed in the beaker. Which way will the water flow?
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Dialysis tube to beaker
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What are three concentrations of water in osmosis?
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Hypotonic
Hypertonic Isotonic |
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How are fats moved in and out of the cell?
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Facilitated Difussion
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How do sodium and potassium molecules get in and out of the cell?
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Active Transport
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What are three kinds of active transport?
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Sodium/potassium pump, endocytosis, & extocytosis
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What is the definition of a species?
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Group of organisms that can interbreed & produce fertile offspring in nature
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How is growth and development different?
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Growth- make more cells to form new structures
Development- emotional and physical experiences throughout life |
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What is homeostasis?
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maintaining normal body conditions when the environment changes
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What is adaptation?
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DNA that helps living things change w/ environment
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When is DNA chromatin?
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Before cell division
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Who carries DNA during cell division?
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Chromosomes
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What part of the earth supports living things?
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Bioshpere
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Where is the biosphere located?
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Top of atmosphere to the bottom of the ocean
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What are abiotic factors?
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non-living organisms
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What are two examples of abiotic factors?
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water, sun, climate
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How do abiotic factors affect living things?
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Determining- location, type of home, and nutrients
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What must organisms have in a community?
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Tolerance
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What is tolerance?
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changing with their resources
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what is succession?
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natural changes that occur in a community
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What type of succession can turn rocky areas into soil?
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primary
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What type of succession turns damaged wildlife areas back into forests?
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Secondary
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Which organisms is able to breakdown rock and make soil?
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lichens
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Where are electrons located in the cell?
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outside of atom
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what kind of information can be learned from the atomic number?
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number or proteins and electrons in the atom
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what is the atomic weight?
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Weight of the atom
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how is atomic weight calculated?
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By adding the protons and nuetrons together
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What is a compound?
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Substance that is made up of 2 or more atoms from different elements
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Who studied the cells in animals?
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Theodore Schwan
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What are 2 types of cells found on earth?
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prokaryotic & eukaryotic
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a flower producing seeds is an example of which characteristic of life?
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reproduction
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what happens to a specie if they fail to reproduce?
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die off
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what is quantitative data?
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number data
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What is qualitative data?
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description
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what is mass
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how much material is in an object
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what is a habitat?
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home
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what is a niche?
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life and behavior of an animal
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what happens when two species share a niche?
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weak dies out
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what is symbiosis?
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relationship between 2 livng things
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what is mutualism?
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both benefit
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what is commensalism?
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one is helped & other - nothing
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what is parasitism?
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one helped & the other hurt
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where does the energy come from that is used in an ecosystem?
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sun
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What are the first living things to enter a rocky area?
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lichens
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what do you call a mature wild life area?
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climax community
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in bonding, which atom will loose their electrons?
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the smallest/ least number
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What is unique about water on an atomic level?
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shares unevenly
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what kind of charge do atoms get when they loose their electrons?
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positive
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what are all the reactions that take place in a living thing called?
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metabolism
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what law is used to balance equations?
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conservation of matter
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what is solute?
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what is dissolved
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what does the concentration of a solution depend on?
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solute
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what is homeostasis?
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maintaining internal normal conditions
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What is used to measure acids and bases?
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Ph
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What is the pH level for acids and bases?
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acids; 1-6
base; 8-4 |
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Which ion creates an acid?
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h+
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which bond would have the most energy?
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triple
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what are carbohydrates?
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sugars
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what are the building blocks for lipids?
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glyceral and fatty acids
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what are lipids?
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fats
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which part of a chloroplast does the light reaction?
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thylakoid disc
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which cell is the simplest of all cells?
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bacteria
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what is the theory of endocytosis?
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bacteria > swallowed mitochondria & chloroplast > plants
bacteria > swallowed mitochondria > animal |
