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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an organic compound?
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A compound that is derived from living things and contains Carbon.
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What are compounds that do not contain carbon called?
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Inorganic compounds
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What type of bond does carbon come from?
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Covalent
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What is the simpliest hydrocarbon?
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Methane
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What is the alcohol that is necessary for life called?
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Glycerol
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What is Hydrolysis?
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The splitting of a molecule through reaction with water
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What is Dehydration Synthesis?
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The removal of water ( Smaller molecules to make bigger ones)
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What is ATP?
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(adenosine triphosphate) provides the energy needed to carry on life processes
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What is DNA?
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hereditary information in the form of a large molecule called deoxyribonucleic acid
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What is RNA?
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A nucleic acid composed of a single strand and distinguished from DNA by containing ribose
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What elements are found in carbohydrates?
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carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
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What is glucose?
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a simple sugar that provides energy to the body
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What is the fuel for cells?
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glucose
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What is the commmon name for sucrose?
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table sugar
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What is a polysaccharide?
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complex carbohydrate composed of 3 or more monosaccarides
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What is another name for glycogen?
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animal starch
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What is a monosaccaride?
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a monomer of a carbohydrate
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What is wood made of?
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celulose and cell walls
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What are the four main groups of organic compounds found in living things?
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carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
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What elements are found in lipids?
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Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
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What organic compounds are classified as lipids?
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fats, oils, waxes
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How are fats different from carbohydrates?
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they have less oxygen
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What are monomers?
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repeated, single molecule unit of a polymer
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What are polymers?
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compound consisting of repeated linked monomers
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What are the two monomers in lipids?
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fatty acids and glycerol
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What elements are in proteins?
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Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
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What is a dipeptide?
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formation from 2 amino acids landing together by means of a condensation reaction
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What are the building blocks of protein?
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amino acids
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How are amino acids linked together?
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peptide bonds
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What are the 4 elements necessary for life?
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Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
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What are Chromosomes?
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DNA protein
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Where do you find Chromosomes?
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in cell division
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What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?
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Chromatin is strands. Chromosomes are curled up
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What is another name for cell division?
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mitosis
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What is cell division for?
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growth
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What are the stages of cell division?
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prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
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During which stage is DNA duplicated?
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interphase
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During which stage does the cell plate form?
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telophase
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What is the difference between plant cells and animal cells?
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cell wall and plastids
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What are vacuoles for?
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To store enzymes and metabolic waste
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What is the control center of the cell?
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mitochondria
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What is the function of the mitochondria?
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transfer energy from organic compounds to ATP
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What is the function of the chloroplasts?
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gives leaves a green color used for photosynthesis
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What is ER? What types are there?
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endoplasmic reticulum, smooth and rough
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What organisms have mitochondria?
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animals
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What organisms have chloroplasts?
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plants
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Who is given credit for the invention of the microscope?
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Lewhoeuweanok
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Who discovered cells?And what type where they?
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Hooke, dead plant cells
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What is the dorsal side of a frog?
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Its back
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What is the ventral side of an organism?
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the belly side
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How many chambers are in the heart of a frog?
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3
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What are the hearing structures on a frog?
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tympanic membrane
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What is the name of the third eyelid in a frog?
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nietitating membrane
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What do frogs use to get oxygen into their bodies?
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lungs and also through there most skin
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What is the function of the circulatory system?
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to transport blood, oxygen, nutrients, waste, and carbon dioxide
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What are the four main organs that are found in the circulatory system?
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arteries, veins, heart, spleen, capilaries
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What is the function of the digestive system?
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breaks down food to be absorbed and transported
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What organ is found in the digestive system and the endocrine system?
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pancreas
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To what system does the spleen belong to?
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circulatory
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What is the "master gland" located?
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brain
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What is the function of the adrenal glands? Where are the adrenal glands?
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fight or flight hormone, on top of the kidneys
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What is the function of the integumentary system?
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protects you from drying out
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What structures are found in the integumentary system?
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skin, hair, pigments, fingernails, sweat glands, nerves, blood vessels
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What system does the the liver belong to?
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digestive
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What is the function of the nervous system?
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recieves messages and controls everything
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What are the four major organs of a plant?
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roots, stems, leaves, flowers
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What is the function of the leaves?
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attracts sun for photosynthesis
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What is the function of the roots?
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supplies water stability
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What is the function of the stems?
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it supports the flowers
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What is the function of flowers?
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reproduction
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What are the 2 major organs in the respiratory system?
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lungs and diaphram
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What chemicals are produced by the endocrine glands?
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hormones
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