Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Define Biodiversity |
The number and variety of species and ecosystems on earth |
|
|
How is biodiversity different from simply having a large population? |
A large population of the same species is not diverse because biodiversity is the number and variety of many different species. |
|
|
What are the 5 human impacts on the environment? |
-habitat change -overexploitation -pollution -climate change -invasive species
|
|
|
What are examples of habitat change? |
-clearing forests for lumber, agriculture, cities -trawling nets in ocean |
|
|
What are examples of overexploitation? |
-cod fished until most of the population was wiped out -overusing fresh water |
|
|
What are examples of pollution? |
-point source (factories, cars, planes, garbage) -non-point source (fertilizer runoff, runoff from fields and roads) |
|
|
What are examples of invasive species? |
-zebra mussel populations rapidly increase -lampreys feed on native fish -non-native species that invade and take over |
|
|
What are examples of climate change? |
-alteration of long term weather -extreme weather events -rising temperatures -results of greenhouse gasses |
|
|
What is a dichotomous key? |
A series of two part statements used to identify organisms |
|
|
Define Taxonomy |
The science of classifying all organisms, both living and fossil |
|
|
Who is the father of taxonomy? |
Carl Linnaeus |
|
|
What is binomial nomenclature and the rules for using the system? |
It is a formal system of naming species. The genus name followed by the specific name makes the species name. |
|
|
List the 7 taxa living things are classified by |
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family , genus, species |
|
|
List the 3 domains used to classify living things and characteristics of each. |
Archaea: prokaryotic, cell walls contain lipids, extremely small, auto/hetero, mainly asexual, extreme environments Eubacteria: prokaryotic, cell walls (protein & sugar), variable size auto/hetero, mainly asexual Eukarya: eukaryotic, diverse cell wall and membrane structures, relatively large cells, auto/hetero, sexual & asexual |
|
|
What is the kingdom of the domain archaea, and characteristics of that kingdom? List some examples. |
kingdom: archaea characteristics: prokaryotic, most extremely small, cell walls and membranes, asexual, extreme environments examples: salmonella, ecoli |
|
|
What is the kingdom of the domain eubacteria, and characteristics of that kingdom? List some examples. |
kingdom: eubacteria characteristics: prokaryotic, auto/hetero, asexual, vary in size/shape examples: extreme thermophiles |
|
|
The kingdom protista is of which domain? What are characteristics of protista? List some examples. |
domain: eukarya characteristics: eukaryotic, extreme diversity, sexual or asexual, hetero or photosynthetic or both, aquatic or other moist environment, chloroplasts and cell walls examples: amoeba, kelps |
|
|
The kingdom fungi is of which domain? What are characteristics of Fungi? List some examples. |
domain: eukarya characteristics: eukaryotic, most multicellular, cell walls contain chitin, no chloroplasts, hetero, sexual and asexual, most terrestrial examples: mushrooms, yeasts, moulds |
|
|
The kingdom plants is of which domain? What are characteristics of plants? List some examples. |
domain: eukarya characteristics: eukaryotic, multicellular, cell walls composed of cellulose, has chloroplasts, autotrophic and photosynthetic, sexual and asexual, most terrestrial examples: ferns, conifers, mosses, flowering plants |
|
|
The kingdom animals is of which domain? What are characteristics of animals? List some examples. |
domain: eukarya characteristics: eukaryotic, multicellular, no cell walls or chloroplasts, hetero, most sexual, terrestrial and aquatic examples: elephants, sponges, humans, birds, platypus |
|
|
What are the three main groups of protists? Give an example of each. |
Animal-like: Zooplankton Plant-like: Phytoplankton Fungus-like: slime moulds |
|
|
What adaptations have plants made in order to colonize dry land? |
-roots absorb H2O and minerals (minerals) -lignin and cellulose in cell walls (gravity) -vascular transport system (^ heat and light) -waxy cuticle and stomata with guard cells (drier) -pollen containing sperm (reproduction) |
|
|
What is the "Alteration of Generations"? |
The progression diploid to haploid during the life cycle of a plant. |
|
|
Label this diagram |
1. sporophyte 5. fertilization 2. meiosis 6. zygote 3. gametophyte 7. diploid 4. sex cells 8. haploid
|
|
|
List the 9 phyla of animals |
-porifera -mollusca -cnidaria -arthopoda -platyhelminthes -echinodermata -nematoda -chordata -annelida
|
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Porifera phyla? Give 2 examples. |
no openings, no true tissues, no nervous system
examples: sponges, tunicates |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Cnidaria phyla? Give 2 examples. |
most have 2 life cycle stages, radial symmetry, 2 body layers, specialized nerve tissues
examples: jellyfish, hydras |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Platyhelminthes phyla? Give 2 examples. |
unsegmented, no circulatory or respiratory systems, flattened, mainly parasites
examples: tapeworms, liver flukes |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Nematoda phyla? Give 2 examples. |
round bodies, unsegmented, complete digestive tracks, aquatic, no circulatory or respiratory systems
examples: pinworm, heart worms |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Annelida phyla? Give 2 examples. |
segmented, hydrostatic skeleton, complete circulatory and digestive systems, terrestrial
examples: leech, worms |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Mollusca phyla? Give 2 examples. |
muscular foot, mantle, radula, gills, visceral mass
examples: snails, clams
|
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Arthopoda phyla? Give 2 examples. |
segmented body, complex sensory systems, exsoskeleton, most diverse
examples: spider, insects |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Echinodermata phyla? Give 2 examples. |
move using hydraulics, no head or cephalization, spiny skinned, no excretory system
examples: starfish, sea urchins |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Chordata phyla? Give 2 examples. |
most complex living things, amninotic egg, nerve chord or notochord, vertebrae (most)
examples: fish, mammals |
|
|
List the 7 classes of vertebrates. |
-jawless fish -reptiles -cartilaginous fish -birds -bony fish -mammals -amphibians |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Jawless Fish vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
slimy skin, notochord, cartilage, lack paired fins
examples: lamprey, hagfish |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Cartilaginous Fish vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
cartilaginous skeleton, biting jaw, paired fins
examples: shark, rays |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Bony Fish vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
bones, 2 chambered heart, swim bladders maintain buoyancy
examples: sunfish, perch |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Amphibian vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
3 chambered heart, aquatic and terrestrial, herbivore and carnivore, simple lungs
examples: newts, frogs |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Reptile vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
terrestrial, 3 chambered heart, amniotic egg, lungs have internal folding
examples: turtles, lizards |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Bird vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
flight is possible, unique feathers (insulation, light), adapted for wide range of niches/ habitats
examples: eagle, robin |
|
|
What are the distinguishing characteristics of the Mammal vertebrae class? Give 2 examples. |
warm blooded, four legs, hair, sweat glands, molars, 4 chambered heart
examples: tiger, elephant |
