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118 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. How many calories in a gram of thefollowing?
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Carbohydrates 4, protein 4, lipids 9, alcohol 7
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What is the definition of a calorie? D_P?
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1. Amount of heat to raise thetemperature kg of water to 1 CelsiusF
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Name two differences between saturated andunsaturated fat
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1. Saturated animals, solid.Unsaturated plants, liquid.
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What are 3 things in your body made from proteins?
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Hair,nail, skin
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Name two lipid soluble vitamins?
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?Vitamin A eyes,D –bones,E-antioxidant,K-blood clotting
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What does nutrients dense mean
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howmany nutrients you get from a food,
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Name on one of the dietary reference intake?
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1. Dietary Reference Intake (DRI),Adequate Intake
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Name 3 things which must be present on a foodlabel?
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Calories from fat, total fat,cholesterol, sodium, serving size
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Describe two ways in which you can measures a nutritional state
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1. Clinical-obseity,dietary-journal
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Name three disaccharides |
. maltose, sucrose, and lactose |
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Which type of fat is steric acid? " |
Chicken,bacon |
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In what form do humans store carbohydrates |
1. sugar |
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About how much of our diet should consist oflipids? |
20%-30% |
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How much of that should be saturated fats? |
7-10% |
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What is the RDA for carbohydrates? |
150 |
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What is fiber? |
Cellulose, indigestible |
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Expressions of vitamin quantities in foods and in the body? |
doesnot come in grams |
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Beriberi results from a deficiency of? |
1. Thiamin |
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Approximately what percentage of alcoholicsshows thiamin deficiency? ּ |
80 |
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Which vitamin can cause a “flush” feeling when ahigh quantity is ingested?
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Niacin
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Which of the following is indicative of adietary deficiency of riboflavin |
1. ? Inflamed mouth membranes |
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What amino acid can be used by the body to makeniacin? |
Tryptophan |
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What is the RDA for folic acid? |
400mcg |
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Which of the following is a type of neural tubedefect? |
spinabifida |
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Which of the following is required for theabsorption of dietary vitaminB12? |
Intrinsicfactor |
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All of the following are forms of vitamins A? |
retinol,retinal, retinoic acid |
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Vitamin A supplements are helpful in treatingwhich of the following conditions |
Night blindness |
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What is the name of the vitamin D deficiencydisease in adults? |
Osteomalacia |
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Which of the following features do vitamins Cand E share?
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bothfunctions as antioxidants
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In what chief capacity does vitamin K functions? |
Bloodclotting |
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Which of the following can the body use tosynthesize vitamin D? |
exposureto sunlight |
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Which of the following vitamins is synthesizedby intestinal bacteria |
k |
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How many calories in a gram of the following? |
1. Carbohydrates 4, proteins 4, lipids 9. |
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What is the definition of a calorie? |
Energyneeded to make 1kg of water 1celius |
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What is the function of the cardiac sphincter? |
Breaks food down |
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What is the function of epiglottis |
1. Prevent food from going intoyour trachea and directs it into the esophagus |
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What is ATP ? |
is the fuel of life, |
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and what is it broken down to |
ADP |
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What is the function of the stomach? |
store food,initiate digestion of proteins kill bacteria with the strong acidity (low pH of the gastric juice) make chyme |
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What is the function of the small intestine? |
Chemically breakdown the food to the smallest, and absorb the food |
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How is it adapted to perform that function? |
being very long having villi and microvilli, that increase the surface area using muscular contraction move and mix food
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What is the difference between catabolic andanabolic? |
1. Catabolic – breaks down anabolic –builds up |
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What is an enzyme? |
Isuse to breakdown |
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What is the function of the large intestine(colon)? |
reclaim the water from the chyme |
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What is the first law of thermodynamics |
1. Energy is not created or destroyed, but transferred " |
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What is the RDA for carbohydrates |
130% |
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How many different kinds of amino acids make up protein |
20 |
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Which of the following is a feature of anessential amino acid? |
1. it must be supplied by the diet |
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What term is specific to reaction in which simple compounds are combined to build more complex molecules? |
1. Anabolic |
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What is meant by the amino acid sequence of aprotein? |
Orderof Amino acid |
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Which of the following describe the sum of all chemical reactions that go in living cells |
Metabolism> |
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The formation of glycogen from many glucosemolecules is an example of? |
Anabolism |
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Which of the following limiting amino acid inthe diet? |
Lysine,Threonine, Tryptophanpan |
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Which of the following food proteins has thebest assortment of essential amino acids for the human body? |
1. Egg Whites |
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What is the major energy carrier molecule in themost cells (energy currency)? |
ATP |
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What are the following is a PEM? -- |
marasmus |
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Which the following is a simple sugar? |
Starches |
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Which of the following is known as blood sugaror dextrose?
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Glucose
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Which of the following as fruit sugar? |
Fructose |
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Glycogen is stored mainly in which of thefollowing tissues? |
Muscleand liver |
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What are cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose |
Fibers |
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What is the primary function of insulin? |
Lowerblood glucose levels |
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Which one of the following compounds is missing4 or more hydrogen atoms? |
Monounsaturatedfatty acid |
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What is the primary function of insulin? |
Lowersblood glucose levels |
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Which of the following is a common dietarysaturated fatty acid? |
Stearicacid
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Which of the following sources would yield thesoftest lipids (life lipids) at room temperature? |
Safflower |
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Which of the following is a common dietarysaturated fatty acid? |
Steric acid |
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Which one of the following compounds is missing4 or more hydrogen atoms? |
Monounsaturatedfatty acid |
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Which of the following is a feature ofphospholipids? |
Soluble in both water and fat(hydrophilic and hydrophobic) |
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What type of compound is lecithin? |
Phospholipid |
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Which of the following is a feature of the basalmetabolic rate? |
Fastingincreases BMR |
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Fasting does not decrease |
the metabolic rate. |
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Which of the following increases the amount ofserotonin in the body? |
SRI medication like sibutrimine |
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About how many calories are in 1 pound of adipose? |
3500 |
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Which hormone is associated with both a decreasein appetite and increase in? |
Leptin |
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Increase adipose tissue in this area isassociated with an increased risk of diabetes and ; |
abdomen. |
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Why is BMI a better measurement than simplytaking a weight? ` |
itaccounts for height |
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Which BMI falls within the normal weight range? |
27 |
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Which of the following inhibits lipase? |
Orlistat |
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What is an example of a complimentary protein? |
Redbeans and rice |
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Which type of cholesterol is consideredbeneficial?
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HLD
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Where do you find lactose? |
Milk |
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What is the minimum amount of water excreted each day as urine that is needed to carry away the body’s? |
500ml |
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What is present in highest concentration in softwater? |
Sodium |
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What is mineral linked with high blood pressure? |
Potassium |
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What is the mineral involved in acid productionin our stomach?
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Sodium
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What is the major extracellular anion particularly important in heartbeat? |
Sodium |
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What is the cause of most electrolyteimbalances? |
Potassiumdeficiency |
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Almost 99% of the calcium in the body is used to |
provide rigidity for the bonesand teeth |
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What iron-containing compound carries oxygen inthe bloodstream? |
Hemoglobin |
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What minerals is critical to the synthesis ofthyroxin (thyroid Hormones)? |
Iodine |
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Which of the following is the richest source ofiodine |
Seafood |
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Keshan disease results from a deficiency of |
selenium
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Fluoride deficiency is best known to lead to? |
Dentaldecay |
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Expressions of vitamin quantities in foods andin the body included all of the |
milligrams,equivalents, micrograms |
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What is meant by the bioavailability of avitamin in food? s" |
The amount absorbed andsubsequently used by the body. |
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Beriberei results a deficiency of? |
thiamin |
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Biotin can be synthesized by? |
Intestinalbacteria |
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Which of the following is a type of neural tubedefect? |
Spinabifida
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What is the most likely reason for thedevelopment of a vitamin B 12 deficiency? |
Inadequateabsorption |
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All of the following are forms of vitamin A? |
retinol, retinal, retinoicacid |
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Which of the following can the body use tosynthesize vitamin D? |
exposure to sunlight |
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What is the name of the vitamin D deficiencydisease in adults? |
Osteomalacia |
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Which of the following features do vitamin C and E share? |
both functions as antioxidants |
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In what chief capacity does vitamin K function? |
Bloodclotting
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Which of the following vitamins issynthesized by intestinal bacteria? |
vitamin k
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Which vitamin is routinely given as a singledose to newborns? |
VitaminK |
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All of the following are acceptable definitions of the term fitness? |
Theability of the body to resist stress, the ability of the body to performphysical activity without undue stress, the ability to meet normal physical andemotional demands while maintaining an energy reserve sufficient to overcome animmediate challenge. |
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Which of the following is generally associatedwith a regular program of physical fitness? |
Lower of blood pressure, lowering of blood cholesterol, lowering of resting pulse rate |
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The components of fitness include all of thefollowing? |
1. Strength, flexibility,cardiovascular endurance, |
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A muscle that increase size in response to use is an example of ?
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hypertrophy
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Athletes can safely add muscle tissue by? |
1. Putting a demand on muscle by making them work harder. |
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What is muscle atrophy? |
Lossof muscle size and strength |
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All of the following are strategies comprisingthe progressive overload principle? |
Duration,intensity,frequency. |
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In weight training, muscle endurance can best beemphasized by combining |
1. high number of repetitions |
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In weight training, muscle strength can best beemphasized by combining |
1. low number of repetitions with heavy weight |
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For maximum benefits, cardiorespiratoryendurance episodes should be sustained for at least |
20 minutes |
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If muscle work is anaerobic, which of thefollowing cannot serve as fuel? |
Fat can not serve as fuel butprotein and carbohydrate can serve asfuel |
