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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ATP
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An energy-storage compound containing adenine, ribose, and three phosphate groups. When it is formed from ADP, useful energy is stored; when it is broken down (to ADP or AMP), energy is released to drive endergonic reactions.
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ATP Synthase
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An integral membrane protein that couples the transport of proteins with the formation of ATP.
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Citric Acid Cycle
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A set of chemical reactions in cellular respiration, in which acetyl CoA is oxidized to carbon dioxide, and hydrogen atoms are stored as NADH and FADH. Also called the Krebs cycle.
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Electron Transport
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The passage of electrons through a series of proteins with a release of energy which may be captured in a concentration gradient or chemical form such as NADH or ATP.
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FAD+
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(Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide) A coenzyme involved in redox eactions and containing the vitamin riboflavin (B2).
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Fermentation
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The anaerobic degradation of a substance such as glucose to smaller molecules with the extraction of energy.
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Glycolysis
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The enzymatic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid. One of the evolutionarily oldest of the cellular energy-yielding mechanisms.
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Lactic Acid Fermentation
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Fermentation whose end product is lactic acid (lactate).
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Oxidizing Agent
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A substance that can accept electrons from another. The oxidizing agent becomes reduced; its partner becomes oxidized.
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Pyruvate
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A three-carbon acid; the end product of glycolysis and the raw material for the citric acid cycle.
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Reducing Agent
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A substance that can donate electrons to another substance. The reducing agent becomes oxidized, and its partner becomes reduced.
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