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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adaptation
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an organism modification in structure, function of behavior which increases the likelihood of continued existence
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Evolution
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The decent of organisms from common ancestors with the development of genetic it phenotypic changes over time that make them more suited to the local environment
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Fitness
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The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
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Homologous Structure
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In evolution, a structure that is similar in different organisms because these organisms are are drived from a common ancestor
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Natural Selection
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The guiding force of evolution caused by environmental selection of organisms most fit to reproduce, resulting in adaptation
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Vestigial structure
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The remains of a structure that was fuctional in some ancestor but is no longer functional in the organism in a question
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Directional Selection
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An outcome of natural selection in which on extreme phenotype in favored, usually in a changing environment
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Disruptive Selection
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An outcome of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are favored over the average phenotype and can lead to more than one distinct form
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Gene flow
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The sharing of genes between two populations through interbreeding
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Gene Pool
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The total of all the genes of all the individuals in a population
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Genetic Drift
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A change in the genetic make up of a population due to chance (random) events; important in small populations or when only a few individuals mate
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Population
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a group of organisms of the same species occupying a certain area and sharing a commnon gene pool
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Speciation
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A process by which a new specie is originated or produced
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Species
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A taxonomic category that is th edivision of a genus; its members can breed successfully with each other but not with members of another specie
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Stabilizing Selection
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An outcome of natural selection in which extreme phenotypes are eliminated and the average phenotype is conserved
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Continental Drift
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The movement of continents relativeto each other on Earth's surface
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Extinction
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The total disappearance of a specie or higher group
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Mass Extinctionan
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an episode of large-scale extinction in which large numbers of species disappear in a few million years or less
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Ocean ridge
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The ridge on the ocean floorwhere oceanic crust forms and from which it moves laterally in each direction
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Ozone Shield
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Formed from oxygen in the upper atmosphere, it protects the earth from ultraviolet radiation
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Plate tectonics
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The study of the behavior of earth's crust in terms of moving plates that are formed at the ocean ridges and destroyed at suduction zones
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Mammal
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a member of a class of vertebrates characterized especially bu the presence of hair and mammary glands
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Primate
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Animal that belongs to the order Primates, the order of mammals that includes prosimians, monkeys, apes, and humans
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Prosimian
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A group of primates that includes lemurs and tarsiers and may resemble the first primates to have evolved
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