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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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6 Kingdom System
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Bacteria
Archaea Plantae Animalia Fungi Protista |
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Process of Life
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The Domain of Science is nature on summary.
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Two Main types of scientific inquiry.
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Discovery & Induction
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Discovery Science
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Get out in the field and cond. exp. very detaied "range"
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Inductive reasoning
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i: specific observations-general conclusions.
ii: problems w/ inductions. ex: birds flying: all birds; but some don't. |
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hypothesis
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tentative explanation must be capable of being tested must be falsifiable.
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Theory
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More Permanent more support by a large body of data, developed over time can have exceptions and modified applies to a large body of data ("phenomena")
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Natural Occurring Elements
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O - Oxygen
C - Carbon H - Hydrogen N - Nitrogen |
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Trace Element
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Less than (0.01%) of mass
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Element
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A substance that cannot be broken down into another substance
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Atom
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The smallest unit of matter that can be broken down & still retain the attributes of the element.
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Protons
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(+) in nucleus
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Electron
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(-) Charge outside the nucleus
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Neutrons
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Neutral charge in nucleus
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Atomic Nucleus
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An atoms central core: at least one proton(+) & often neutrons as well
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Atomic number
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The number of protons.
ex: 2He - indicates that it has 2 protons. |
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Mass Number
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Number of protons and neutrons. ex: Helium can be written as 4He. Since helium has 2 protons, we know that it also has 2 neutrons.
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Dalton
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Unit of measurement amount wt. of a proton, neutron.
*Measure of mass for atoms & subatomic particles |
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Molecule
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2 or more atoms covalently bonded together
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Compound
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2 or more elements combined in a fixed ratio. Emergent Properties.
*Molecular and Ionic |
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Isotopes
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Different forms of the same element.
Same # of protons. * May differ in # of neutrons, they may have different atomic wts. |
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Hydrogen Bonding
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Weak-easily broken between hydrogen atom and electro-molecule
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Properties of Water
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1) Oxygen atom electronegative
2) Polar Covalent Bonds |
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Cohesion
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distinct molecules are joined together & behave as a single unit.
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H2O Cohesion
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The attraction of one H2O molecule for another due to Hydrogen Bonding.
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Adhesion
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Molecules are joined together but do not behave as a single unit.
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Heat
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Kinetic energy due to molecular motion
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Temperature
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intensity of heat due to the average kinetic energy
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Measured by degrees
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Temperature
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Measured by Calorie
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Heat
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Calorie
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Amt. of heat gained or lost that cause the temp. of 1g of water to change by 1*C
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Specific Heat
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Water's ability to stabilize temperature
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Specific Heat of water
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1cal/g 1*C
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Heat of vaporization
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Amt. of heat required for 1g of liquid to be converted to a gaseous state.
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Heat vaporization for water
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580 cal.
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Solvent
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Will dissolve another substance
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Solute
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substance dissolved by the solvent
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Solution
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Liquid which is completely homogeneous mix of 2 or more substances.
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Aqueous solution
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Solution in which water is the solvent
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Moles
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Amt. of substances in terms of Avogadro's number.
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Avogadro's number
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6.022 X 10^23
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Molarity
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Amt of a substance dissolved in one L of solution. (In terms of wt.)
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2 types of Scientific Inquiry
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Discovery & Induction
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Discovery
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get out into the field and observe. Exp: very detailed
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Inductive reasoning
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specific observations - general conclusions. *problems with inductions
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