Biology Concepts Chapter 1

Front 1

Atoms

Back 1

Organisms that are made of building blocks. It is the smallest unit. All atoms are made of threekinds of subatomic particles: Protons, neutrons, and electrons.

Front 2

Molecules

Back 2

Organized complex carbs, fats, and other lipid, proteins, DNA, and RNA

Front 3

Cell

Back 3

Smallest unit of organization that is able to survive and reproduce on its own.

Front 4

Tissues

Back 4

Organized aggregation of cells and substances

Front 5

Organ

Back 5

Structural unit made of two or more tissues interacting in some task

Front 6

Organ system

Back 6

Organs interacting physically, chemically or both.

Front 7

Multicelled organism

Back 7

Made of individual cells. Most of them are multicelled organisms.

Front 8

Population

Back 8

Group of single or multi celled individuals if the same species.

Front 9

Community

Back 9

All populations of all species occupying one ares.

Front 10

Ecosystem

Back 10

a community together with its physical and chemical enviroment.

Front 11

Biosphere

Back 11

Highest level of life. Encompasses all regions of the Earth's crust.

Front 12

DNA

Back 12

Holds info for building proteins from smaller molecules, the amino acids.

Front 13

Inheritance

Back 13

An acquisition ot traits after parents transmit their DNA to offspring.

Front 14

Reproduction

Back 14

Actual mechanisms by which parents transmit DNA to offspring

Front 15

Development

Back 15

Transformation of the first cell of a new individual into a multicelled adult.

Front 16

Metabolism

Back 16

Ways to obtain and convert energy from its surroundings. Maintain itself, grow, and make more cells.

Front 17

Producers

Back 17

Plants ans other organisms. They make their own food.

Front 18

Consumers

Back 18

Animals and decomposers. They cannot make their own food; They survive by feeding on producers and other organisms.

Front 19

Decomposers

Back 19

Mostly kinds of bacteria and fungi that break down sugars and other molecules to simpler materials.

Front 20

Energy

Back 20

Flows in one direction.

Front 21

Receptors

Back 21

Molecules and structures that detect stimuli.

Front 22

Stimuli

Back 22

Specific kinds of energy. May be sunlight energy, chemical potential energy, or mechanical energy.

Front 23

Hometasis

Back 23

Organisms that keep the internal enviroment within a range that cells can tolerate. Key defining characteristics of life.

Front 24

Species

Back 24

Millions of kinds of organisms

Front 25

Classification System: Three Domains

Back 25

Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

Front 26

Prokaryotic

Back 26

Single-celled. Do not have a nucleus. Achaea and bacteria.

Front 27

Prokaryotes

Back 27

Includes diverse producers or consumers. Shows the greates metabolic diversity.

Front 28

Bacteria are sometimes called:

Back 28

Eubacteria which means true bacteria.

Front 29

Eukarya

Back 29

Plants, fungi, animals, and protist. They have nuclei.

Front 30

Eukaryotes VS Prokaryotes
(Size)

Back 30

Eukaryotes generally larger and far more complex than prokaryotes.

Front 31

Plants

Back 31

Multicelled, photosynthetic producers. They can make there own food by using raw materials and sunlight.

Front 32

Fungi

Back 32

Multicelled decomposers and consumers with a distinct way of feeding. ex: mushrooms They secrete enzymes that digest food outside the fungi body.

Front 33

Mutations

Back 33

Heritable changes in DNA. Can lead to novel traits that make an individual better able to secure food, to mate, hiding places, and so on

Front 34

Evolution

Back 34

mutable (changable), inheritable DNA allows for evolution.

Front 35

Characteristics of Living Things

Back 35

Reproduction
Cell
Metabolism
Homeostasis
Evolution

Front 36

Diversity

Back 36

Refers to varations in traits that have accumulated in lines of descent.

Front 37

Natural Selection

Back 37

Is an outcome of differences in survival and reproduction among individuals of a population that vary in one or more heritable traits.

Front 38

Observe

Back 38

Check out what others have found, then frame a question/identify a problem..

Front 39

Hypotheses

Back 39

Educated Guess

Front 40

Prediction

Back 40

Statement of what you should find in the natural world. If-then process.

Front 41

Test

Back 41

Test by making systematic observations, building modules, and conducting experiments.

Front 42

Models

Back 42

Theoretical detailed descriptions or analogies.

Front 43

Scientific Method

Back 43

Observation
Hypotheses
Prediction
Test
Repeat
Results
Conclusions

Front 44

Scientific Theory

Back 44

Long-standing hypothesis, supported by tests, that explain the cause or causes of broad range of related phenomena

Front 45

Variable

Back 45

Specific aspect of an object or event that can differ among individuals or changes over time.

Front 46

Control Group

Back 46

A standard for comparison with one or more experimental groups.

Front 47

Mimicry

Back 47

A visual similarity between different species that may confuse potential predators.

Front 48

Theory

Back 48

Is a related set of hypothese that form an explanation about some aspect of the natural world.

Front 49

Two Pillars of Biology

Back 49

Evolution
Energy

Front 50

Taxonomy

Back 50

System of classification and naming.

Front 51

Do Kids Prefer Cheese Over Fresh Green Spinach?

Back 51

Domain
Kingdom
Phylus
Class
Order
Family
Genera
Species