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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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An atom that has its last energy level filled is
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Inert
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Atoms with the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons are
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Isotopes
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An electron has a ___ charge
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Negative
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A chemical bond in which atoms share electrons is called
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Covalent
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An atom with a charge is called a/n
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Ion
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The center of the atom is called
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Nucleus
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Chemical reactions that require energy are called
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Endergonic
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What particles are in the nucleus of an atom?
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Neutrons and protons
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What is the charge on a proton?
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Positive
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Chemical reactions that break compounds down into smaller compounds are called
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Catabolic
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A chemical bond in which some atoms lose electrons, and some gain electrons is
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Ionic
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Neutrons have ____ charge
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No (they are neutral)
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The atomic number is the number of ____ an atom has
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Protons
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How do you find the number of electrons an atom has?
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It’s the same as the number of protons: from atomic number
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How do you find the number of neutrons an atom has?
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Subtract Atomic number from atomic mass
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An atom’s group number on the periodic chart tells the ____
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Number of electrons in the last energy level
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What charge can an atom have with 3 electrons in its last energy level?
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+3
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What charge can an atom have with 8 electrons in its last energy level?
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None- it’s inert
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An atom with atomic number 9 and atomic mass 19 has __ protons, __ electrons & __ neutrons
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9 protons, 9 electrons and 10 neutrons
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An atom with atomic number 2 and atomic mass 4 will probably have a charge of ___.
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None- it’s inert
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True/False: An atom with 2 electrons in its last energy level will gain 2 electrons.
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False. It will lose 2 electrons
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How many atoms are in the expression: 3H2SO4 ?
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21
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Chemical reactions that release energy are called
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Exergonic
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Chemical reactions that build up larger compounds are called
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Anabolic
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True/False: Anabolic reactions are usually endergonic.
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True
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An atom’s period number on the periodic chart indicates ___
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The number of energy levels it has
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An atom in group 4 of the periodic chart will always have a ___ bond.
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Covalent (it SHARES electrons)
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Balance: K2 + O2 K2O
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2K2 + O2 2K2O
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What is activation energy?
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Energy needed to start a reaction
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What is potential energy?
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Stored energy
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What is kinetic energy?
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Energy of movement or work
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Where is the potential energy in a molecule?
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In the bonds of the molecule
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What is an acid?
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A substance with a greater concentration of H+
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What is a base?
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A substance with a greater concentration of OH-
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What is an isotope?
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Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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What is an isomer?
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Molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas (different arrangements of atoms)
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Is a substance with pH 4 an acid or a base?
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Acid
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Is a substance with a pH 10 an acid or a base?
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Base
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Is a substance with a pH 7 an acid or a base?
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Neutral
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Which is stronger, a substance with a pH 2 or one with a pH 6?
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pH 2
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Which is stronger, a substance with a pH 8 or one with a pH 12?
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pH 12
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Which substance has a greater H+ concentration: pH 3 or pH 5?
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pH 3
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Which substance has a greater OH- concentration: pH 9 or pH 13?
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pH 13
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What is the name of the weak chemical bonds that give water its surface tension?
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Hydrogen bonds
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The attraction of a molecule for other molecules like itself is called
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Cohesion
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The attraction of a molecule for different molecules than itself is called
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Adhesion
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What are hydrocarbons made of?
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Carbon and hydrogen
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What is the suffix for hydrocarbons?
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-ane
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1
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Meth
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2
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Eth
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3
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Prop
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4
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but
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5
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pent
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6
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hex
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7
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hep
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8
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oct
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9
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non
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10
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dec
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What are the elements that make up a hydroxyl group?
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oxygen and hydrogen
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What is the suffix for the hydroxyl group?
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-anol
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What is made when a hydrocarbon and a hydroxyl group join together?
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An alcohol
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What is the second name for a hydrocarbon?
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Carbon chain
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What is the molecular formula for the carboxyl group?
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COOH
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What are the elements that make up a carboxyl group?
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carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen
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What is the second name for the carboxyl group?
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Fatty acid
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What is the suffix for the carboxyl group?
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-anoic
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