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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Offspring that result from crosses between true-breeding parents with different traits are called...
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Hybrids
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Mendel concluded that traits are...
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Not inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring.
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When Mendel crossed True-breeding tall plants with True-breeding short plants, all offspring were tall because...
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the allele for tall plants is dominant.
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In the P generation, a tall plant was crossed with a short plant. Short plants reappeared in the F2 generation because...
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The allele for shortness and the allele for tallness segregated when the F1 plants produced gametes.
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The principles of probability can be used to...
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predict the traits of the parents used in genetic crosses.
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A punnett square shows all except...
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The actual results of a genetic cross
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How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
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2.
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A cross of a white hen with a black rooster produces erminette-color offspring. This type of inheritance is known as...
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codominance
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What is one true statement about Thomas Hunt Morgan?
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Morgan chose to use fruit flies in his study of genetics because fruit flies produce a large number of offspring.
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If an organism's diploid number is 12, its haploid number is...
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6.
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Chromosomes form tetrads during...
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prohase of meiosis 1.
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Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study...
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the inheritance of traits.
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What are Mendel's factors called today?
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genes.
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The principle of dominance states that...
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some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
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When Mendel allowed the tall F1 pea plants (Tt) to self-pollinate,
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some of the offspring were short.
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Two plants with the genotypes TT and Tt...
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would have the same phenotype.
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Organisms that have two identical allelea for a particular trait are said to be...
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homozygous.
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What principle states that during gamete formationgenes for different traits separate without influencing each other's inheritance?
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principlce of indepentent assortment.
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Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called...
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incomplete dominance.
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Mendel's principles of genetics apply to...
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all organisms.
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The number of chromosomes in a gamete is represented by the symbol...
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N.
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Gametes are produced by the process of...
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meiosis.
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Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of...
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haploid cells.
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What did Griffith observe when he injected into mice a mixture of heat-killed disease-causing bacteria and live harmless bacteria?
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The mice developed pneumonia.
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What is a nucleotide found in DNA?
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deoxyribose+phosphate group+cytosine
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DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
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each with one new strand and one original strand.
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During mitosis, the...
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DNA molecules become more tightly coiled.
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Unlike DNA, RNA contains...
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uracil.
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Which type of RNA is is involved in protein synthesis?
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messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA.
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During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed...
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inside the nucleus.
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How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
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3.
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What is least related to tRNA, polypeptide, and anticodon?
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intron.
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Which type of RNA functions as a blueprint of the genetic code?
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mRNA.
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What is not a gene mutation?
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inversion.
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Proteins that bind to regulatory sites on DNA...
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determine whether a gene is expressed.
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A lac repressor turns off the lac genes by binding to...
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the operator.
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Gene regulation in eukaryotes...
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allows for cell specialization.
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What is not true about Hox genes?
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They are found in different animals are very different from each other.
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Avery's experiments showed that bacteria are transformed by...
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DNA.
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DNA is copied during a process called...
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replication.
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In eukaryotes, DNA...
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is located in the nucleus.
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RNA contains the sugar...
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ribose.
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Which RNA molecule carries amino acids?
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transfer RNA.
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What is produced during transcription?
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RNA molecules.
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What happens during the process of translation?
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The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins.
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Genes contain instructions for assebling...
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proteins.
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A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a...
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point mutation.
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A promoter is a...
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binding site for RNA polymerase.
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In E. coli, the lac operon controls the...
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breakdown of lactose.
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Which is NOT generally part of a eukaryotic gene?
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operon.
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Hox genes determine an animal's...
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basic body plan.
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