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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why are light microscopes and electron microscopes different?
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light - produce images by focusing on visible light rays
electron - produces magnified images by focusing beams of electrons |
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what is metabolism?
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the biological process that includes reactions that break down materials
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what is the difference between sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction?
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asexual - only needs one organism to reproduce
sexual - needs two organisms to reproduce |
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what are the different levels of living organisms?
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molecules, cells, organisms, populations, communities, biosphere
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when does a scientific theory develop?
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when evidence from a lot of different experiments support the same hypothesis
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what are the 5 characteristics of living things?
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1. made up of cells
2. grow and develop 3. respond to their environment 4. stable internal environment 5. obtain and use energy and material |
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what is homeostasis?
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process of keeping the body at a stable internal balance such as body temperature and water content
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what are the levels of organization?
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individual, species, population, community, ecosystem, biome
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what are the steps of the scientific method?
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1. observe a question
2. form a hypothesis 3. research 4. experiment 5. record and analyze data 6. form a conclusion 7. work is replicated |
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what are the 2 main forms of energy that power living systems?
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sunlight & inorganic chemical compounds
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which way does energy flow in an ecosystem?
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from the sun to producers to consumers
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what percent of energy is transfer red from one tropic level to the next?
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10%
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why is the flow of matter and energy in the ecosystem different?
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matter - is recycled
energy - flows only one way |
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what are [N2] Nitrogen cycles?
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nitrogen is mved through the biosphere from organisms and the soil and air in different forms
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what is a food web?
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chart that shows the flow of energy between all members of an ecosystem
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what are the 4 food pyramid levels
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bottom - primary producers
second - primary consumers next - secondary consumers top - tertiary consumers |
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what is the greenhouse effect?
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natural system in which heat is retained in the Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases
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what are the Earth's 3 main climate zones?
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tropical, temperate, polar
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what are the main factors that determine Earth's climate?
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trapping of heat in the atmosphere, latitude, transport of heat by wind and water, precipitation
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what is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
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abiotic - nonliving, physical, factor that shapes an environment
biotic - biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem |
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which way does energy flow in an ecosystem?
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from the sun to producers to consumers
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what percent of energy is transfer red from one tropic level to the next?
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10%
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why is the flow of matter and energy in the ecosystem different?
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matter - is recycled
energy - flows only one way |
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what are [N2] Nitrogen cycles?
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nitrogen is mved through the biosphere from organisms and the soil and air in different forms
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what is a food web?
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chart that shows the flow of energy between all members of an ecosystem
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what are the 4 food pyramid levels
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bottom - primary producers
second - primary consumers next - secondary consumers top - tertiary consumers |
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what is the greenhouse effect?
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natural system in which heat is retained in the Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases
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what are the Earth's 3 main climate zones?
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tropical, temperate, polar
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what are the main factors that determine Earth's climate?
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trapping of heat in the atmosphere, latitude, transport of heat by wind and water, precipitation
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what is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?
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abiotic - nonliving, physical, factor that shapes an environment
biotic - biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem |
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what is population density?
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# of individuals per unit area in a population
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what is climate?
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the average temperature and average precipitation
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what is a niche?
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full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions
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what are the 3 characteristics that are used to describe a population?
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geographic distribution, density, growth rate
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what is the difference between primary succesion and secondary succesion?
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primary - one that naturally occurs overtime
secondary - one following a disturbance that destroys a community without destroying the soil |
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what are the 3 types of community interactions?
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symbiosis, predation, competition
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what factors change a population size?
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number of births, number of deaths, number of individuals that enter or leave the population
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what is the difference between exponential growth and logistic growth?
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exponential - when individuals in a population reproduce @ a constant rate
logistic - when a population's growth slows or stops following a period of exponential growth |
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what is carrying capacity?
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largest # of individuals of a population that a given area can support
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what are 3 density dependent factors?
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competition, predation, disease
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how can a limited resource affect the size of a population?
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because if a resource is limited then part of the population will die because there is not enough food for everyone the population will decrease
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what is an example of a density - independent factor?
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hurricane, tornado, natural disaster
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what are the points of a logistic growth curve?
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A. species is first introduced to environment
B. period of exponential growth occurs C. growth slows D. population growth reaches peak E. steady state |
