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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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adenine
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a nitrogenous base found in both DNA and RNA; (A)
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base
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in molecular genetics, one of the nitrogen-containing single or double ringed structures that distinguish one nucleotide from another.
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Chromosome
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a single DNA double helix together with proteins that help to organize DNA
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complementary base pair
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bases tht pair by hydrogen bonding
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cytosine
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a nitrogenous base found in both DNA and RNA (C)
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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DNA- a molecule composed of deoxyribose nucleotides; contains the genetic information of all living cells
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DNA helicase
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an enzyme that helps unwind the DNA double helix during DNA replication
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DNA ligase
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an enzyme that joins the sugars and phosphates in a DNA strnad to create a coninuous sugar-phosphate backbone
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DNA polymerase
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an enzyme that bonds DNA nucleotides together into a continuous strand, using a pre-exisising DNA strand as a template
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DNA replication
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the copying of the double-stranded DNA molecule producing two identical DNA double helices
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double helix
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the shape of the two-stranded lengthwise into a corkscrew shape
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free nucleotides
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nucleotides that have not been joined together to form a DNA or RNA strand
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Gene
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a unit of heredity that encodes the information needed to specify the amino acid sequence of proteins and hence particular traits; a functional segment of DNA located at a particular place on a chromosome
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guanine
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a nitrogenous base found in both DNA and RNA (G)
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nucleotide
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a subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; a phosphate group bonded to a sugar which in turn bonded to a nitrogen-containing base
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semiconservative replication
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the process of replication of the DNA double helix the two DNA strands separate, and each is used as a tenplate for the synthesis of a complementary DNA strand
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suarg-phosphate backbone
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a major feature of DNA sturcture, formed by attaching the sugar of one nucleotide to the phosphate from the adjacent nucleotide in a DNA strand
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thymine
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a nitrogenous base found only in DNA (T)
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