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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell |
basic units of life |
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cell theory |
all living things are made up of cells; basic units of living things; cells produced from cells |
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cell membrane |
thin flexible barrier surrounding cells |
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nucleus |
large membrane-enclosed structure; controls cell activities |
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eukaryotes |
cells with DNA IN nuclei |
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prokaryotes |
cells with DNA NOT in nuclei |
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cytoplasm |
portion outside of the nucleus |
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organelles |
specialized structure that performs certain functions within a cell |
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vacuoles |
sac-like membrane enclosed structures that store materials |
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lysosomes |
small organelles that break down |
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cytoskeleton |
network of protein filaments that gives the cell its shape |
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centrioles |
organize cell divisions |
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ribosomes |
small particles of RNA |
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endoplasmic reticulum |
where lipid components and other exported materials are assembled |
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Golgi apparatus |
organelles that modifies, sorts, and packages materials FROM ER to STORAGE |
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chloroplasts |
capture energy from the sun and converts to food |
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mitochondria |
power plants (chem energy----useful components) |
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cell wall |
supporting layer around membrane |
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lipid bilayer |
barrier between the cell and surroundings |
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selectively permeable |
some substances can pass and some cannot |
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diffusion |
particles move from an area of high concentration to lower concentration |
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facilitated diffusion |
molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special protein channels |
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aquaporin |
water channel proteins in cells |
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osmosis |
diffusion of water |
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isotonic |
same strength |
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hypertonic |
above strength |
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hypotonic |
below strength |
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osmotic pressure |
pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement |
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homeostasis |
relatively constant conditions |
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tissue |
group of cells |
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organ |
group of tissues |
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organ system |
group of organs |
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receptor |
protein to whose shape fits that of a specific molecular messenger |
