Biology Chapter 5 Notes

Front 1

Requires NO energy to move things across the cell membrane

Back 1

Simple diffision

Front 2

In simple diffusion, molecules move from an area of _________ concentration to an area of _________ concentration

Back 2

high, low

Front 3

Why is diffusion considered a passive process?

Back 3

No energy is used to make the molecules move

Front 4

With diffusion, molecules move by thier own natural _________ energy or energy of motion.

Back 4

kinetic

Front 5

Energy of motion

Back 5

kinetic energy

Front 6

Explain what happens to a drop of food coloring when you put it into a beaker of water.

Back 6

It diffuses

Front 7

When solutes diffuse throug a memberane what do they do.

Back 7

Move from a high to a low concentration.

Front 8

What is diffusion of water across a cell membrane

Back 8

osmosis

Front 9

What is osmosis?

Back 9

The diffusion of water across a cell membrane.

Front 10

If water potential is HIGH, solute concentration is ________.

Back 10

low

Front 11

If water potential is LOW solute concentration is ________.

Back 11

high

Front 12

Water moves from _____ water potential to _____ water potential.

Back 12

high, low

Front 13

Water diffuses through the _________ ________ of the cell membrane

Back 13

phospholipit bilayer

Front 14

What is meant by NO NET movement

Back 14

equilibrium

Front 15

Sketch a picture of a cell in an isotonic environment and show the direction of water movement

Back 15

(Draw picture)

Front 16

Sketch a picture of a cell in an Hypotonic environment and show the direction of water movement.

Back 16

(Draw picture)

Front 17

Sketch a picture of a cell in an hypertonic environment and show the direction of water movement.

Back 17

(draw picture)

Front 18

What occurs whenever water moves out of a cell and the cell shrinks in size

Back 18

plasmolysis

Front 19

What occurs whenever water moves into the cells causing them to cwell and burst.

Back 19

cytolosis

Front 20

What happens to a red blood cell placed in distilled water?

Back 20

Cells swell and burst (cytolosis)

Front 21

What happens to a red blood cell places in a concentrated salt solution?

Back 21

Cell shrinks and shrivels (plasmolysis)

Front 22

Draw a red blood cell in Hypotonic environment.

Back 22

(Draw picture)

Front 23

Draw a red blood cell in isotonic environment.

Back 23

(Draw Picture)

Front 24

Draw a red blood cell in hypertonic environment.

Back 24

(Draw Picture)

Front 25

Draw a plant cell in hypertonic environment

Back 25

(Draw picture)

Front 26

Draw a plant cell in hypotonic environment.

Back 26

(Draw picture)

Front 27

Draw a plant cell in isotonic environment

Back 27

(Draw picture)

Front 28

Plants prefer _________ environments.

Back 28

hypotonic

Front 29

Animal Cells do best in what type of environment?

Back 29

isotonic

Front 30

Describe simple diffusion

Back 30

Materials move down

Front 31

Describe facilitated diffusion

Back 31

The passage of materials is helped by the

Front 32

Describe active transport

Back 32

molecules move thre

Front 33

Passive transport does _______ require additional energy.

Back 33

NOT

Front 34

Passive transport moves materials from _______ to ______ concentration

Back 34

high, low

Front 35

Give 2 examples of passive transport in cells.

Back 35

Oxygen into the cell
Carbon dioxide moving out of the cell

Front 36

_____ diffusion is a type of ______ transport because energy is NOT required

Back 36

facilitated, passive

Front 37

Is energy required in faciliated diffusion? Why

Back 37

No, because it is a type of passive transport

Front 38

Facilitated diffusion uses ______ proteins to help move materials from _____ to ____ concentrations.

Back 38

transport, high, low

Front 39

Name 2 materials that move into or out of cells by facilitate diffusion

Back 39

glucose and amino acids moving from blood into cells

Front 40

Name 2 types of transport proteing found in cell membranes

Back 40

?

Front 41

Describe channel proteins

Back 41

?

Front 42

How do carrier proteing help move materials across a cell membrane?

Back 42

they change shape

Front 43

Channel proteins have an opening or a ____ through which molecules can passively move by _______ diffusion

Back 43

pore, facilitated

Front 44

Do all carrier proteins extend across the cell membrane?

Back 44

no

Front 45

Explain how carrier proteins move materials across the membrane.

Back 45

?

Front 46

Some carrier proteins can change ____ to move materials across the cell membrane.

Back 46

shape

Front 47

What kind of transport requires additional energy to move materials?

Back 47

active transport

Front 48

Active transport uses cellular energy known as ________.

Back 48

ATP

Front 49

Active transport moves materilas AGAINST the concentration gradient or _____ to ____ concentration

Back 49

low, high

Front 50

Active transport moves materials _____ the concentration gradient.

Back 50

against

Front 51

The _____ pump is an example of active transport.

Back 51

sodium potassium

Front 52

Sodium potassium is an example of _______ transport.

Back 52

active

Front 53

Moving very large particles out of the cell is called _________.

Back 53

exocytosis

Front 54

In exocytosis, wates are moved out of the cell in ________ that fuse with the cell membrane

Back 54

vesicles

Front 55

_______ involves moving large particles into the cell.

Back 55

endocytosis

Front 56

Taking a large liquid droplet is called __________.

Back 56

??

Front 57

__________ _________ endocytosis involves protein _______ recognizing hormones to help move them into the cell.

Back 57

receptor ?______?

Front 58

How does cholesterol get into a cell

Back 58

receptors mediated endocytosis

Front 59

Cell eating is known as

Back 59

phosocytosis

Front 60

White blood cells engulfing bacteria is an example of _______________.

Back 60

phosocytosis

Front 61

____________ is the opposite exocytosis.

Back 61

endocytosis