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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Weather
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the day to day condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place.
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Climate
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refers to the average, year after year conditions of temperature and precipitation in a particular region.
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Greenhouse effect
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the natural situation in which heat is retained by the layer of greenhouse gases.
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Temperate zones
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betweeen the polar zones and the tropics
(between 66.5° and 90° North and South lattitudes |
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Tropical zone
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near the equator, between 23.5° North and 23.5° South lattitudes.
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Biotic factors
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include the entire living cast of characters ith th which an organism might interact, including birds, trees, mushrooms, and bacteria-in other words, the ecological community.
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Abiotic factors
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Physical, or nonliving factors that shape the ecosystem
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Niche
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The full range of physical and biological conditions in which an organism lives and the way in which the organism uses those conditions.
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Resource
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Any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light,food, or space.
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Competative exclusion principle
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No two species can occupy teh same nich in the same habitat at the same time.
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Predation
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An interaction in which one organism captures and feds on another organism.
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Symbiosis
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Any relationship in which two species live closely together.
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Mutualism
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Both species benefit from the relationship.
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Commensalism
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One member of the association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
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Parasitism
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One organsm lives on or inside another organism and harmes it.
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Ecological succesion
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Series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time.
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Primary succesion
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On land, succesion that occurs on surfaces where no soil exists.
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Pioneer species
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The first species to populate the area.
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Secondary succession
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When a disturbance of some kind changes an existing community without removing the soil.
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Biome
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A complex of terrestrial communities that covers large area and is characterized by certian soil and climate conditions and particular assemblages of plants and animals.
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Tolerance
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Ability to survive under conditions that differ from their optimal conditions.
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Microclimate
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The climate in a small area that differs from the climate around it.
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Canopy
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the leafy tops of tall trees- extending from 50 to 80 feet above the forest floor-form a dense covering.
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Understory
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A second layer of of shorter trees and vines.
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deciduous
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A tree that sheds its leaves duing a particular season each year.
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Coniferous
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Produce seed-bearing cones and most have leaves shaped like needles.
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humus
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A material formed from decaying leaves and other organic matter that makes soil fertile.
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Taiga
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Along the northern edge of the temperate zone are dense evergreen forests of coniferous trees
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Permafrost
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a layer of permanently frozen subsoil
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