Biology Chapter 4

Front 1

virus

Back 1

made of chromosome-like part surrounded by a protein coat

Front 2

host

Back 2

organism that provides food for a parasite

Front 3

parasite

Back 3

organism that lives in or on another living thing and gets food from it

Front 4

interferon

Back 4

chemical substance that interferes with the way viruses reproduce

Front 5

vaccines

Back 5

substances made from weakened or dead viruses

Front 6

bacteria

Back 6

very small, one-celled monerans

Front 7

bacteria lives where

Back 7

water
air
soil
food
almost every object

Front 8

capsule

Back 8

sticky outer layer

Front 9

flagellum move with

Back 9

whiplike thread

Front 10

fission

Back 10

process of one organism dividing into two organisms

fission is asexual

Front 11

asexual reproduction

Back 11

reproducing of a living thing from only one parent

Front 12

what do bacteria need to live

Back 12

moisture
certain temperature
food

Front 13

endospore

Back 13

thick-walled structure that forms inside the cell, enclosing all the nuclear material and some cytoplasm.

Front 14

human diseases caused by bacteria

Back 14

strep throat
tuberculosis
certain kinds of pneumonia
gonorrhea
meningitis

Front 15

anthrax

Back 15

disease found in livestock

Front 16

Koch's postulates

Back 16

steps for proving a disease is caused by microscopic organism

Front 17

Kock's postulates

Back 17

1. organism must be present in living thing when disease occurs
2. organism must be taken from the host and grown in lab
3. when the organisms from the lab are injected in healthy host, cause disease
4. organism removed from new host, grown in lab

Front 18

communicable diseases

Back 18

can be passed from one organism to another

Front 19

antibiotics

Back 19

chemical substances that kill or slow the growth of bacteria

Front 20

biotechnology

Back 20

use of living things to solve practical problems.

Front 21

blue-green bacteria

Back 21

small, one-celled monerans that contain chlorophyll and can make their own food.

Front 22

vaccine

Back 22

substance made from weakened viruses or bacteria

Front 23

biotechnology

Back 23

use of living things to solve practical problems

Front 24

pasteurization

Back 24

process of heating milk to kill bacteria

Front 25

communicable

Back 25

disease passed from one organism to another

Front 26

host

Back 26

organism that provides food for a parasite

Front 27

virus

Back 27

chromosome-like part surrounded by protein coat

Front 28

fission

Back 28

one organism divides into two organisms

Front 29

endospore

Back 29

protective structure with a thick wall that some bacteria form

Front 30

saprophyte

Back 30

organism that used dead material for food

Front 31

six traits of viruses

Back 31

1 so small seen only with electron microscope
2 different shapes
3 made of chromosome-like parts with coated shell
4. not cells and have no cell parts
5. reproduce only in living things
6. act like parasites

Front 32

viruses cause disease in

Back 32

plants
animals
humans

Front 33

rabies virus infects only the _______________________ system

Back 33

nervous

Front 34

viruses are always ________________________ than the cells they infect

Back 34

smaller

Front 35

Viruses reproduce __________________
of living cells

Back 35

inside

Front 36

bacteria
antibiotics

Back 36

killed

Front 37

vaccines
bacteria

Back 37

prevented from starting

Front 38

disinfectants

Back 38

bacteria destroyed on objects that are not living

Front 39

freezing bacteria

Back 39

growth is slowed

Front 40

pasteurization

Back 40

heating kills harmful bacteria in milk

Front 41

antiseptics
bacteria

Back 41

kills on living things