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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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3 characteristics of POPULATION
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1. A group of organisms
2. of the same species 3. of a given area |
OSA
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Biotic Potential (def)
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acheiving the maximum growth of a pop
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Factors that affect BIOTIC POTENTIAL
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1. Age @ 1st reproduction
2. Frequency of reproduction 3. Litter size 4. Length of reproductive span 5. Death rate |
5 parts AFLLD
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"S" curve
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aka logistic has environmental resistance
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Carrying Capacity
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the environment can olny allow a limited amount of pops.
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Factors that provide environmental resistance
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density dependent- depends on the size of the pop ex. flu or disease
Density independent- affect on a pop regardless of size ex. natural disasters Predation |
DD&DI&P
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Survivorship curve
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take the individual and see how long their lifespan is
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Community
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a step above a pop, involves all pops in a given area
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Gause's competitive exclusion principle
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no 2 species can inhabit the same area @ the same time and have the same niche
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Niche
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includes all aspects of life for one species, its habitat, all physical factors, and all interactions with community such as predation competition and parasitian
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Resource partitioning
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reduces competition b/w species, leads to adaptations they adjust to meake sure they arent excluded
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Difference b/w interspecific and intraspecific competition
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interspecific- b/w species
intraspecific- b/w one pop |
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Community interactions
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b/w pop are the forces of natural selection, shaping the bodies and behavior of the species involved overtime (evo, coevo)
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Predation
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Predator vs. Prey
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Strategies for prey
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Camuflage
Startle coloration-scare off enough time to get away Warning coloration-bright colors Mimicry-copy cat of warning colorations |
CSWM
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Symbiosis
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two species taht have a long term close relationship
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types of symbiosis
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Parastism
Commensalism Mutualism |
PCM
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Parastism
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1 pop has a (+) outcome/ other has a (-)
ex. fleas and worms ecto (out) and endo (in) body |
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Commensalism
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1 pop benefits and other gets nothing
ex. poison ivy growing on a tree, tree doesnt get hurt and ivy has a home to grow |
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Mutualism
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both pop have benefits
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What are the functions of the urinary system?
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filter the blood and produce urine
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functions of the kidneys?
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regulate-water content
-ph level -ion levels (electrolytes) -nutrient content -02 level Excrete-urea and other wastes -drugs |
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Why is excretion of nitrogenous wastes necessary
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b/c its toxic
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Where do nitrogen wastes come from?
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excess amino acids (protein)
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Why do birds and reptiles convert their nitrogenous waste to uric acid form?
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b/c the eggs would be poisened
birds can't fly with full bladders so they have concentrated urine to not lose alot of water |
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Whats the difference b/w ureter and the urethra?
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Ureter-carries urine from kidneys to the bladder
Urethra-expells urine from the bladder |
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why are females more susceptible to bladder infections than males are?
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Women have a shorter urethra and more susceptible to bacteria
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Nephron
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the functional unit of the kidney, composed of glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, convoluted tubule, and the collecting duct
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Function of the glomerulus
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blood filter
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function of Bowman's capsule
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collects what is filtered
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function of proximal tubule
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reabsorption
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function of loop of henle tubule
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reabsorption
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function of distal tubule
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secretion of urine
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function of collecting duct
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concentration
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About how often is your entire blood volume filtered each day?
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350 ml
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What happens if it was not filtered?
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die of poisoning
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about 99% of the water that is removed from the blood (the filtrate) gets returned to the blood. How?
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reabsorbed by proximal and loop in order to not get dehydrated
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What substances should normally be presented in the urine?
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water (1%), wastes, urea, minerals, drugs
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What should NOT be present in urine
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blood cells, proteins, ammonia
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How does alcohol affect kidney function
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ADH hormone makes your brain think your water level is too high and you urinate alot and you lose alot of water and become dehydrated
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What is hemodialysis and how does it work?
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a machine that cleans out blood when your kidney doesnt work
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