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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Any material that takes up space, such as organisms, rocks, the oceans, and gases in the atmosphere. |
Matter |
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The ability to do work. |
Energy |
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A pure substance that cannot be broken down by chemical means into other substances. |
Element |
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The chart of elements. |
Periodic Table |
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An element that an organism requires in large amounts. |
Bulk element |
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An element that an organism requires in small amounts. |
Trace element |
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The smallest possible "piece" of an element that retains the characteristics of that element. |
Atom |
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An essential element other than C, H, O, and N |
Mineral |
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A particle in an atom's nucleus containing a positive charge. |
Proton |
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A particle in an atom's nucleus which are electrically neutral. |
Neutron |
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The central part of an atom. |
Nucleus |
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Negatively charged particles that surround the nucleus. |
Electrons |
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The number of protons in an atoms nucleus. |
Atomic Number |
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The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. |
Mass Number |
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Any of the forms of an element, each having a different number of neutrons in the nucleus. |
Isotope |
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The average mass of all isotopes. |
Atomic Mass |
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Isotopes which emit energy as rays or particles when they break down into more stable forms. |
Radioactive |
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Two or more chemically joined atoms. |
Molecule |
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A molecule composed of two or more different elements. |
Compound |
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The most likely location for an electron relative to it's nucleus. |
Orbitals |
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A group of orbitals that share the same level. |
Energy Shell |
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An atoms outermost occupied energy shell. |
Valence Shell |
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An attractive force that holds atoms together. |
Chemical Bond |
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Type of chemical bond where two atoms share electrons. |
Covalent Bond |
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Attraction between oppositely charged ions. |
Ionic Bond |
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An atoms ability to attract electrons. |
Electronegativity |
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A "bipartisan" union in which both atoms exert approximately equal pull on their shared electrons. |
Nonpolar Covalent Bond |
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A lopsided union in which one nucleus exerts a stronger pull on the shared electrons than does the other nucleus. |
Polar Covalent Bond |
