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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Def. of Classification
The study of how we put things into group due to traits, features, etc.
Biodiversity
The variety of organisms considered at all levels from populations to ecosystems.
Taxonomy
Branch of biology that names and groups organisms according to their characteristics and evolutionary history. / Science of describing, naming, and classifying organisms.
Explain Aristotle's classification system.
-Grouped living things according to plants and animals.
-Animals were grouped according to land, water, or air
-Plants were grouped according to their stems.
-Naturalists replaced it because his use of common names was problematic
Who devised a 7-level system for classifying organisms according to their form and structure?
Carolus Linnaeus.
7 levels from most general to most specific:
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
What is name: Felis Leo
Felis
Leo
1. genus name
2. species identifier
Binomial nomenclature
System of a 2-part name (felis domesticus)
Cladistics
Uses shared or derived characteristics as the only criterion for grouping taxa.
Homologous features
Embryological development
Bones
Embryos - specific way to identify
Allele
Molecular part of the gene
Amino acids
Nucleotide sequences
DNA, RNA
Matching proteins, carbs, glucose compounds
Karotype
Molecular fingerprint of an organism.
Three domains of life
Bacteria, Archae, Eukarya
6 Kingdoms
Bacteria: Eubacteria
Archaea: Archebacteria (MI)
Eukarya: Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protist
Domain Bacteria
-Aligns with Eubacteria
-Consists of single-celled prokarotes (no nucleus) that are true bacteria
Domain Archae
-Aligns with Archaebacteria
-Consists of single-celled prokaryotes that have distinctive cell membranes and walls
Domain Eukarya
-Includes Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
-All members have eukaryotic cells (complex organelles with a nucleus)
The 3 Extremphiles
1) Acidophiles - acid
2) Thermophiles - heat
3) Halophiles - salt