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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phages |
Widely used in molecular genetics research. |
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Transformation |
Change in genotype/phenotype due to assimilation of foreign DNA. |
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Chargaff's Rule |
• The base composition of DNA varies between species. • In any species the number of A and T bases are equal and the number of G and C bases are equal. |
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Double Helix |
DNA molecule that is made up of two strands. |
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Antiparallel |
(Subunits run in opposite directions) |
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Semi conservative model |
Predicts that when a double helix replicates, each daughter molecule will have one old strand, and one newly made strand. |
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Origins of replication |
Two DNA strands are separated, opening up a replication "bubble" |
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Replication Fork |
A Y-Shaped region where new DNA strands are elongating. |
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Single-strand binding proteins |
Bind to and stabilize single-stranded DNA. |
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Topoisomerase |
Corrects "over winding" ahead of replication forks by breaking, swiveling, rejoining DNA. |
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Short RNA Primer |
Initial nucleotide strand. |
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Primase |
Can start an RNA chain from scratch and adds RNA nucleotides one at a time using the prenatal DNA as a template. |
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DNA polymerases |
Catalyze the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork. |
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Rate of elongation |
500 nucleotides per second in bacteria and 50 per second in human cells. |
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Mismatch Repair |
Repair enzymes correct errors in base pairing. |
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Nucleotide excision repair |
Nuclease cuts out and replaces damaged stretches of DNA. |
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Telomerase |
Catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in germ cells. |
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Nucleoid |
In bacteria, the DNA is "supercoiled" and found in a region of the cell called... |
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Chromatin |
In a eukaryotic cell, DNA is precisely combined with proteins in a complex called... |
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Euchromatin |
"Loosely packed" in the nucleus during interphase and condenses prior to mitosis. |
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Heterochromatin |
During interphase, regions of chromatin (centromeres and telomeres) are "highly condensed" into... |
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Know Questions |
1-5 7,8 |
