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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene
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Sequence of DNA that determines a trait
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Carpel
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Innermost part of a flower that produces the female haploid
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Stamen
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The male part of a flower
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DNA
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Carries genetic information in a cell
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Genetics
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Scientific study of heredity
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Homozygous
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Refers to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait
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Heterozygous
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Refers to an organism that has two different alleles for the same trait
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Dominant trait
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Trait that appears
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Recesive trait
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Trait that is hidden
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Alleles
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A number of different forms of a gene
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Phenotype
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Physical characteristics of an organism
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Genotype
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Genetic makeup of an organism
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(P) Parental Generation
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Generation of individuals of different genotypes that are mated --> produces hybrids
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(F1) First Filial
(F2) Second Filial |
1 - sequence of generations following the parental generation (grandchildren)
2 - great grandchildren |
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Test-Cross
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A cross between one that has the dominant phenotype and one that has a homozygous recessive
- Helps determins genotype of offspring |
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Law of Segregation
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Separation of different versions of the same gene into different gametes
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Independent Assortment
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Genes on different chromosomes that can be inherited in any combination
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Law of Dominance
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If there is a dominant trait, it will be expressed
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Diploid
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A cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes
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Chromosome
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Structure with in the nucleus containing genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next
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Cross-Fertilization
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Fertilization by the union of gametes from different individuals
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Pollination
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Transfer of pollen from the male haploid to the femal haploid
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Probability
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Likelihod that a particular event will occur
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Punnet Square
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Diagram showing gene combination that might result from a genetic cross
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Pure Breeding
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When two indiviuals breed of unmixed lineage over many generations
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Trait
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Specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
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Meiosis
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Process by which the number of chromosomes is cut in half
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Dihybrid
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The hybrid of parents that differ at only two genetic loci
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Haploid
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Cell that contains only a single set of chromosomes -- single set of genes
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