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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hierarchy of organization
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atoms-molecules-organelles-cells-tissues-organs-systems-organisms-populations-communities-ecosystems
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emergent properties
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whole is greater than the sum of its parts
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properties of life
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order, reproduction, growth+ development, energy utilization, response to environment, evolutionary adaption, homeostasis
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reductionism
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breaks down complex systems to simpler components
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Hooke
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named cells when he saw a slice of cork
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Leewenhoek
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saw microscopic organisms through lenses
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Schleiden and Schwann
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discovered all living things are made up of cells
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Virchow
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all cells come from other cells
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prokaryotic cells
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lack nucleus and membrane bound organelles
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eukaryotic
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nucleus, DNA, membrane bound components
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DNA molecules
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four nucleotides
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genome
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complete set of genetic instructions
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structure
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relates to function
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open systems
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organisms are ___. exchange materials and energy with their surroundings. They affect and are affected by environment
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photosynthetic plants
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convert solar energy to chemical energy
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cells rely on ____ energy.
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chemical.
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chemical energy can go to ___ energy which then _____
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kinetic; dissipates as heat
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enzymes
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organic catalyts produced by a cell that speed up chemical reactions
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homeostasis
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internal balance
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negative feedback
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works like a thermostat to maintain internal balance
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positive feedback
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whatever is happening makes it happen more to maintain homeostasis
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how many species have been named?
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1.5 million out of 5-30 million
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taxonomy
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names organisms and classifies species
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varying number of kingdoms group into 3 domains
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archaea + bacteria (both prokaryotic); eukarya (eukaryotic). Protista within eukarya
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diversity of life
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evolution
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darwin
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descent with modification and natural selection
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natural selection
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differential reproductive success within a population
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Reznick and Endler
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followed generations of guppies and concluded that natural selection was the most likely explanation for differences in life history
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Biology combines elements of
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science, technology, and society
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