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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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endothermy
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the ability to maintain a high body temperature by using metabolic heat
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ectothermy
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lack of endothermy
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thermoregulation
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maintaining a high constant body temperature by regulating heat losses and gains to the outside environment
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thermoconformity
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in which body temperatureconforms to and is controlled by the external temperature
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excretion
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elimination of waste products
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osmoregulation
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maintenance of salt/water balance
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steno-
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narrow
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eury-
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wide
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protonephridia
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a series of blind tubules that are open on one end (to the outside via excretory pores); found in flatworms
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metanephridia
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tubules that are open on both ends (outside and inside the body), usually larger (and multicellular) than protonephridia' found in annelids, adult molluscs, and other protostomes
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contractile vacuoles
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organelles that require energy to pump excess water from the cell; seen in protists and sponges
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antennal glands
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found in crustaceans, located in the anterior portion of body, waste materials are secreted through small pores
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Malpighian tubes
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a series of tubules suspended into the hemocoel near the junction of the midgut and hindgut, emptying into the hindgut; found in insects
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nephrons
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kidney subunits, consisting of a single long tubule and a ball of capillaries (the glomerulus)
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kidney
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mammalian excretory system, also involved in osmoregulation
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ureters
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ducts for passage of urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder; roughly 25cm long in humans
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bladder
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spherical, stores urine and forces it into the urethra
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urethra
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tube through which urine is expelled
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Bowman capsule
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blind end of the nephron tubule, encases the glomerulus
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glomerulus
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the ball of capillaries
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afferent arteriole
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vessel supplying the nephron with blood (into the glomerulus)
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efferent arteriole
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vessel carrying blood out of the glomerulus, formed by converging capillaries
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peritubular capillaries
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efferent arteriole subdividing into branches surrounding the tubule (proximal and distal)of the nephron
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