Biology Ch. 3 & 4

Front 1

Chromatin

Back 1

Contains DNAand much protein, as well as son RNA.

Undergoes coiling into rodlike structures called chromosomes just before the cell divides.

Is immersed in a semifluid medium called nucleoplasm.

Front 2

Chromosome

Back 2

When chromotin undergoes coiling into rodlike structures.

Front 3

Isotonic

Back 3

Normally body fluids

An equal concentration of solutes (dissovled substances) and solvent (water) on both sides of the plasma membrane, and calls maintian their ususal size and shape.

Front 4

Hypotonic

Back 4

Solutions (solute plus solvent) that cause cells to swell or even to burst due to an intake of water.

Front 5

Hypertonic

Back 5

Solutions that cause cells to shrink or to shrivel due to a loss of water.

Front 6

Hemolysis

Back 6

Disintegration of red blood cells.

Front 7

Crenation

Back 7

Red blood cells in this condition

Front 8

Phagocytosis

Back 8

"Cell eating"

A mechanism that allows the cell to ingest solid particles.

One of the 2 forms of endocytosis.

Front 9

Transcription

Back 9

A messanger RNA(mRNA) molecule is produced, using DNAas the template.

One step of the protein systhesis.

Front 10

Translation

Back 10

mRNAspecifies the order of amino acids in a particular polypeptide.

Requires several enzymes and all three types of RNA.

Front 11

Cytokinesis

Back 11

(division of the cytoplasm)

Part of the cell division stage

Front 12

Keratin

Back 12

Go back and find answer

Front 13

Chondrocyte

Back 13

Found in cartilage, lie in small chambers called lacunae, separated by a matrix that is solid yet flexible.

Front 14

Osteocyte

Back 14

Go back and find definition

Front 15

Plasma

Back 15

Liquid matrix

Front 16

Endrocrine gland

Back 16

(pituitary gland and thyroid)

Secrete their products internally so they are transported by the bloodstream.

Produce hormones that help promote homeostasis.

Front 17

Exocrine Gland

Back 17

Glands with ducts that secrete their product onto the outer surface (sweat glands and mammary glands) or into a cavity (pancreas).

Front 18

Thrombocyte

Back 18

(platelets)

Important to the initiation of blood clotting.

Not complete cells; rather are fragments of giant cells called megakaryocytes >> found in bone marrow.

Front 19

Leukocytes

Back 19

White blood cells

Aid in fighting infection

Front 20

Erothrocyte

Back 20

Red blood cells

Carry oxygen

Front 21

Three types of formed elements:

Back 21

Red blood cells (erythrocytes)

White blood cells (leukocytes)

Platelets (Thrombocytes)