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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Recessive Disorder |
A genetic disorder that will not exist in the presence of a functional allele |
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Autosomal Recessive Disorder |
A recessive dysfunction related to an autosome |
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Carrier |
A person who does not suffer from a recessive genetic debilitation but who carries an allele for it that can be passed along to offspring |
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Dominant Disorders |
Genetic conditions in which a single faulty allele can cause damage, even when a second, functional allele exists. |
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Autosomal dominant disorder |
A dominant genetic disorder caused by a faulty allele that lies on an autosomal chromosome |
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Recessive genetic disorder is one that will not exist in the presence of a __1__, while a dominant disorder is one in which a __2__ can cause trouble, even in the presence of a __3__. |
1. Functional allele 2. Faulty allele 3. Functional allele |
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True or false: a woman has only one X chromosome containing dysfunctional alleles for red-green color vision is not color-blind. |
True: her second X chromosome contains functional alleles, which are enough to keep her from being color-blind. |
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To inherit an autosomal recessive disorder, both parents of an offspring must be at least __1__ for the condition, meaning each parent must have at least __2__. |
1. Heterozygous 2. One faulty allele |
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Pedigree |
Familial history intended to track genetic conditions |
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Polyploidy |
A condition in which one or more entire sets of chromosomes have been added to the Genome of a diploid organism |
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Aneuploidy |
A condition in which an organism has either more or fewer chromosomes than normally exists and its species full set |
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Nondisjunction |
A failure of homologous chromosomes are sister chromatids to separate during cell division. |
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Medical pedigree is used to identify __1__ disorders that are passed along in __2__. |
1. Genetic 2. Families |
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Aneuploidy exists when an organism has more or fewer __1__ than normally exists and its species __2__. |
1. Chromosomes 2. Full set |
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The most common cause of meiotic aneuploidy is a failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to __1__, and which leads to one cell having __2__, while the other daughter cell has __3__. |
1. Separate 2. One chromosome too many 3. One too few |
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Down syndrome |
A condition in which a person has three copies of chromosome 21 rather than the standard two |
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Chromosomal deletion |
When a chromosome fragment breaks off and then does not rejoin any chromosome |
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Inversion |
A chromosomal abnormality that comes about when a chromosomal fragment that rejoins a chromosome does so with an inverted orientation |
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Translocation |
Chromosomal abnormality that occurs when two chromosomes that are not homologous exchange pieces, leaving both with improper Gene sequences |
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Which of the following can be a result of aneuploidy (a) Miscarriage, (b) Down syndrome, (c) Turner syndrome? |
Miscarriage, Down Syndrome, AND Turner Syndrome |
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The aneuploidy that exists in cancerous cells develop during the process of __1__, rather than __2__, and this is not seen in every cell in the body, but only in a __3__ of cells. |
1. Mitosis 2. Meiosis 3. Line |
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Chromosomal aberrations include deletions, in which a person is missing a __1__ of a __2__. |
1. Segment 2. Chromosome |
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Examples of x-linked recessive disorders |
1. Hemophilia 2. Duchenne muscular dystrophy 3. Red-green color blindness |
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Examples of autosomal recessive disorder |
1. Albinism 2. Sickle cell anemia 3. Cystic fibrosis. 4. Tay-Saches disease 5. Werner syndrome 6. Phenylketonuria |
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Examples of autosomal dominant |
1. Huntington's disease 2. Marfan syndrome 3. Polydactyly |
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Examples of aberrations in chromosome number |
1. Down syndrome 2. Turner syndrome 3. Klinefelter syndrome |
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Operations in chromosome structure |
1. Cri-du-chat syndrome 2. Fragile X-syndrome |
