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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All of the DNA in a cellconstitutes the cell’s |
genome |
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DNA molecules in a cell arepackaged into |
Chromosomes |
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Eukaryoticchromosomes consist of _______, a complex of DNA and protein thatcondenses during cell division |
Chromatin |
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Somaticcells |
(nonreproductive cells) have two sets ofchromosomes |
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Gametes |
(reproductivecells: sperm and eggs) have half as many chromosomes as somatic cells |
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Centromere |
narrow“waist” of the duplicatedchromosome, where the two sister chromatids are most closely attached |
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Mitosis: |
the division of the genetic material inthe nucleus |
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Cytokinesis |
the division of the cytoplasm |
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Gametes are produced by a variationof cell division called |
meiosis |
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Phases of a cell cycle |
Mitotic Phase (Mitosis and cytokenesis) Interphase Interphases ( cell growth and copying of chromosomes |
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Interphase sub-phases |
G1phase(“firstgap”) S phase(“synthesis”) G2phase(“secondgap”) |
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Mitosisconventionally divided into 5 phases: |
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase |
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Mitoticspindle: |
structure made of microtubules;controls chromosome movement during mitosis |
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centrosome |
microtubule organizing center |
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Aster |
a radial array of shortmicrotubules |
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Kinetochores |
proteincomplexes associated with centromeres |
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metaphaseplate |
aplane midway between the spindle’s two poles |
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In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs by a process known as _______, forming a ______ _______ |
Cleavage, cleavage furrow |
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Binary fussion |
Bacteria cells reproduce by adifferent type of cell division |
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The sequential events of the cellcycle are directed by a distinct |
cellcycle control system |
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Growthfactors |
releasedby certain cells and stimulate other cells to divide |
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density-dependentinhibition |
crowded cells will stop dividing |
