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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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virus
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is a package of nucleic acid wrapped in a protein coat
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bacteriophage
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a virus that infects bacteria
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deoxyribonucleic acid
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heritable genetic info of an organism is stored in this molecule
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nucleotides
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the building blocks ofnucleic acid polymers
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nitrogenious base
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a single or double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms with functioal groups
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pyrimidines
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thymine and cytosine are single ringed structures that are also considered
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purines
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adenine and guanine are larfer two ringed structured aslo called this
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double helix
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a twisting 3 d shape
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DNA replication
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enzymes link the two nucleotides together to form the two new DNA strands, called daughter strands
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DNA polymerases
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enzymes called this make the caovalent bonds between the nucleotides of the new DNA strand
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RNA
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any nucleic acid whose sugar is ribose rather than the deoxyribose of DNA
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transcription
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DNA nucleotid sequence is converted to the form of a single stranded rna molecule in this process
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translation
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converts nucleic acid language into emino acid language
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codon
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is a three base word that codes for one amino acid
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mRNA/ messenger
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RNA molecule transcrided from a dna template
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RNA polymerases
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links therna nucleotids together
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introns
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noncoding nucleotids that interupt nucleotide sequences
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exons
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the coding part of the RNA transcritp the parts of a gene that remain in the mrna and will be translated
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RnA splicing
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a mrna molecule with a continuos coding sequence
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transfer trna
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translates the three letter of codons of mrna to the amino acids that make up the proteins
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anticodon
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in trna a triplet of nitrogenious bases that is complementary to a specific codon
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ribosomal RNA
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RNA componet of ribosomes
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mutation
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any change in the nucleotide sequence in DNA
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mutagen
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phisical or chemical agents that cause mutaions
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