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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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photosynthesis
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used by chloroplasts of plant cells to capture light energy from the sun and convert it to chemical energy stored in sugars
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autotrophs
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produce organic molecules from CO2 and other inorganic raw materials obtained from the environment. Producers.
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photoautotrophs
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use light as a source of energy to synthesize organic compounds
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chemoautotrophs
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harvest energy from oxidizing inorganic substances. Only prokaryotes.
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heterotrophs
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live on organic compounds produced by other organisms. Consumers.
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chlorophyll
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a green pigment in chloroplasts that gives color to a leaf
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mesophyll cells
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form the tissues in the interior of the leaf. Contain the majority of the chloroplasts.
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stomata
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microscopic pores through which O2 exits and CO2 enters
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stroma
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central aqueous space of the chloroplast
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thylakoids
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interconnected membranous stacks in the stroma of the chloroplast
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thylakoid space
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the interior of the thylakoids
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grana
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thylakoid stacks
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Equation describing photosynthesis
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6 CO2 + 12 H2O + light energy --> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2O
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light reactions
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convert solar energy to chemical energy.
NADP+ + H+ + electrons --> NADPH |
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photophosphorylation
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light reaction generates ATP using chemiosmosis
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Calvin cycle
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uses energy from the ATP and NADPH of the light reactions to incorporate CO2 from the atmosphere into sugar
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light energy initially converted to chemical energy in the form of two compounds
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NADPH and ATP
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carbon fixation
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the incorporation of CO2 into organic molecules.
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light-independent reactions
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refers to the metabolic steps of the Calvin cycle
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location of light reaction
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thylakoids
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location of Calvin cycle
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stroma
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light is a form of:
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electromagnetic radiation
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wavelength
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the distance between crests of electromagnetic waves
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electromagnetic spectrum
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the entire range of electromagnetic radiation
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The most important part of the electromagnetic spectrum for life is:
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visible light: 380 - 750 nm
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many of the properties of light are those of:
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a photon
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what type of light drives photosynthesis?
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visible light
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spectrophotometer
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measures the ability of a pigment to absorb various wavelengths of light
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chloroform A absorbs:
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best in red and violet-blue wavelengths and least in green
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action spectrum
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measures changes in some measure of photosynthetic activity as the wavelength is varied
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chlorophyll B
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different absorption spectrum than chlorophyll A and funnels the energy from these wavelengths to chlorophyll A
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carotenoids
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funnel energy from other wavelengths to chlorophyll A; participate in photoprotection against excessive light
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