Biology Cells

Front 1

Who saw the first cell and when?

Back 1

Robert Hooke 1665

Front 2

Cell Theory main 3 points

Back 2

1) basic structure for all living things
2)basic unit of function for all living things
3)cell division

Front 3

4 characteristics of cells

Back 3

1)All cells require energy from food
2)cells get energy from glucose type molecules
3)all cells have to absorb water chemicals etc, then excrete wastes
4)production of molecules into organic compounds (biosynthesis)

Front 4

Prokaryotes

Back 4

No membrane-bound organelles

Front 5

Eukaryontes

Back 5

Have membrane bound organelles

Front 6

Hooke

Back 6

Defined a "cell" in a cork

Front 7

Matthias Schleiden

Back 7

Co-founder of cell theory, basic structure in all living things + cells reproduce

Front 8

Anton Van Leenwenhoek

Back 8

Improved microscope, established microbiology, 1st to discover microorganisms

Front 9

Theodor Schwann

Back 9

Other co-founder of cell theory, discovered pepsin, nature of yeast, metabolism

Front 10

Rudolph Virchow

Back 10

Proposed+improved theory of cell division

Front 11

Centrioles

Back 11

F- Cell Division
L- Only animal cells

Front 12

Vacuole

Back 12

F- Stores water, salt, pigment
L- All cells, smaller in animal cells

Front 13

Cell Wall

Back 13

F-Protecton
L - Only eukaryotic plant

Front 14

Cytoplasm

Back 14

F - Holds organelles in place
L - All cells

Front 15

Nucleus

Back 15

F - Control Center
L - Eukaryotic, plant + animal

Front 16

Nucleolus

Back 16

F - Produces Ribosomes
L-Eukaryotic only, in nucleus

Front 17

Flagella/Cilia

Back 17

F - Movement
L- All Cells

Front 18

Plastid

Back 18

F - General name for chloroplasts, leucoplasts, chromoplasts

Front 19

Leucoplast

Back 19

F - Stores starch, fats
L - Only plant cells

Front 20

Ribosome

Back 20

F - Make Protiens
L - In the cytoplasm, attached to E.R., inside the mitochondrea and chloroplast, both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

Front 21

Lysosome

Back 21

F - Stomach of the cell
L - In cytoplasm, eukaryotic
C - Look like little sacs, like ER contain digestive enzymes

Front 22

Mitochondria

Back 22

F - Converts food to energy (ATP)
L - In every eukaryotic cell
C - double membrane, matrix (ribosomes + DNA), christae

Front 23

Microtubules

Back 23

F - Make up Flagella and Cilia, make up internal skeleton
L - Eukaryotic
C - Made of Protien

Front 24

Chloroplasts

Back 24

F - Site for photosynthesis
L - Eukaryotic Plant Cells
C - Double membrane, grana, strema (DNA + Ribosomes), thylakoid (Location of chlorophyll)

Front 25

Nuclear Membrane

Back 25

F - Controls movement of substances btrween cytoplasm and nucleus
L - Plants and animal cells, surrounds nucleus
C - Has pores surrounded by protien molecules, RNA + Water soluble pass through, endoplasmic reticulum attaches to it

Front 26

Plasma Membrane

Back 26

F - Determines what goes in/out
L - Surrounds all cells
C - Diagram

Front 27

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Back 27

F - Package protiens for export, puts things in vesicles
L - All eukarotic, starts an nuclear envelope
C - Two types, rough + smooth (presence of ribosomes)

Front 28

Golgi Apparatus

Back 28

F - "shipping ffice" puts things into "vesicles" called exocitosis
L - All eukaryotic
C - 3 parts: Cis, medial, trans

Front 29

Chromatin

Back 29

F - Contains all genetic info, what cell is
L - In all cells. Eukaryotic - In nucleus, Prokaryotic, in cytoplasm
C - made of DNA + Protiens

Front 30

Nucleoplasm

Back 30

F - Keeps substances in nucleus suspended
L - All eukaryotic
C - Contains fibers, protiens, etc.

Front 31

Chromoplast

Back 31

F - Contains pigments (carotenoids)
L - In plant cells (cytoplasm)
C - Red orange yellow

Front 32

Peroxisomes

Back 32

F - Break down hydrogen peroxide
L - All eukaryotic

Front 33

Gyloxysome

Back 33

F - Lipids -> carbs convert
L - Plants