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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Robert Hook (1665)
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Discovered and named cells whtn looking under a microscope
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Anton van Leeuwenhoek
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observed tiny living organisms in pond water
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Matthais Schleiden (1838)
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all plants are made of cells
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Theodor Schawnn (1839)
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all animals are made of cells
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Rudolf Virchow (1855)
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new cells are produced by the division of existing cells
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Cell Theory
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All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the basic units of structure and function of all living things. New cells are produced from existing cells |
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Light microscope
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produce magnified images by focusing visible light rays
most common magnify about 1000 times |
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Electron microscope
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produce magnified images by focusing beams of electrons
can focus on very small objects magnification: 2000 times |
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prokaryotes
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simple cell, NO NEUCLEUS
ex. bacteria |
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Unicellular
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single celled
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Multicellular
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many cells
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Eukaryotes
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more complex, HAVE NEUCLEUS
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levels of organization
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Cells---Tissues---Organs---Organ systems---Organism
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Tissues
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Group of cells that do the same thing
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Organs
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group of tissues working togther
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organ systems
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a group of organs working together to perform a function
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Cell wall
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found: plant
function(s): provide support and protection for the cell |
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Cell membrane
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found: both
function(s): controls all that enters and leaves the cell. In multicellular organisms allows self recognition |
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Neucleus
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found:both
function(s):controls ALL cell activity. Manufactures ribosomes. Stores info needed for the manufacture of proteins. CONTORL CENTER |
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Cytoplasm
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found:both
funciton(s):holds organelles in place |
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Nucleolus
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found:both
function(s):assembly of ribosomes made |
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endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
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found:both
function(s):transports materials |
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Smooth ER
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make lipids including the cell membrane
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Rough ER
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proteins are produced
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Ribosome
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found:both
function(s):what proteins are assembled on. produce proteins by following coded instructions from the nucleus. site protein synthesis |
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Golgi apparatus
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found:both
function(s):pacakages proteins and other materials from ER for storage in cell |
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Vesicle
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found:both
function(s):holds and transports materials |
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Vacuole
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found:both
function(s):store materials ex. water, salts, proteins, carbs |
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Lysosome
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found:animal (very rare in plant)
function:digestion of lipids, carbs, and proteins into sm. molecules. can be used by rest of cell. breaking down organelles have out lived their usefulness. |
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Cytoskeleton
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found:both
function(s):helps support cell, maintain its shape |