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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cells vary enormously in _________ & _______? |
Appearance and Function |
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Living cells all have same basic chemistry called ________ ? |
DNA |
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Central Dogma of Molecular Biology: |
DNA----TRANSCRIPTION--RNA---TRANSLATION--PROTEIN |
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Transcription |
Find in book |
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Translation |
Find in book |
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All present-day cells have evolved from SAME or DIFFERENT ancestral cell ? |
SAME |
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All species on earth share a common ancestor which is __________ ? |
Evolution |
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Definition of Genome: |
Entire sequence of all nucleotides in all organisms. |
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Differentiation between brain vs. liver, hair vs. eye: |
1) On/ Off Switch 2) Like the Alphabet |
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Cell Theory |
Principle that all living cells are formed from existing cells |
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Light(low resolution)-- Fluorescence---Electron(high resolution)---- 1) Transmission-(electrons passed through) OR 2) Scanning-(electrons bounced off) |
N/A |
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The Prokaryotic Cell (Important Things) |
1) Most diverse & numerous 2) No nucleus 3) Small 4) Cell Wall 5) Single Compartment 6) Rapid Cell Division 7) Large numbers 8) Exchange of genetic material = Fast Evolution 9) Shape: Spherical & Rod |
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The Eukaryotic Cell (Important Things) |
1) Nucleus in both Animal & Plant Cell 2) E. cell was/may originated as predators 3) Plant: Vacuole, Cell wall, Chloroplast 4) Nucleus-Nucleus Envelope Nucleolus DNA (translation used in making of ribosomes) 5)Mitochondrion- have its own DNA; Produces ATP; 2 layers; Cellular Respiration |
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The Eukaryotic Cell (Important Things #2) |
6) Plants & Algae: 2 membranes; chlorophyll; photosynthesis 7) ER (Endoplasmic Reticulum) - Production center 8) Golgi Apparatus - modify & shipped 9) Lysosomes - Intracellular digestion 10) Peroxisome - Hydrogen peroxide & breaks down toxic materials |
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The Eukaryotic Cell (Important Things #3) |
11) Vesicle - Transport 12) Cytoskeleton - Actin (smallest); Muscle cells (strength); Microtubles (cell division); Movement & shape within cell; Intermediate filaments (strengthen cell itself so it's NOT collapsible |
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Model Organisms |
-E. coli, yeast, Arabidopsis (plant), Flies, Fish, worms & Mice. - It's hard to reproduce humans - Easy to manipulate vs. a human - Yeast is close to a fungus - Flies are easy to manipulate & closely related to humans |
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What model system ..... for cancer cells ? |
- mouse - cells & development |
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Study early development ? |
- c. elegans - zebra fish |
