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120 Cards in this Set

  • Front
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Chordata general characteristics...
a. largest of the animals
b. found in the sea, freshwaster and on land
c. tiny fish to great whales
d. dorsal tubular nerve cord/ brain (central nercous system) brain and spinal cord
e. internal supporting rod or skeleton - the notochord
f. gill slits during development
Chordata subphylums...
Vertebrata
hemichordata
urochordata
cephalochordata
Ex. of Urochordata
tunicates and sea squirts
Ex. of hemichordata
wormlike animals (acorn and tongue worms)
Description of vertebrata
animals with backbone
Des. of cephalochordata
amphioxus - fish like
Classes of Vertebrates
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Agnatha
Amphibians
Reptilia
Aves
Mammalia
ex. of chondrichthyes
cartilage fish - sharks rays skates
osteichthyes
bony fish
agnatha
round mouthed fish
two chambered heart
agnatha, chondrichthyes, osteichthyes
(fish)
Vertebrates six commom characteristics
1. internal skeleton
2. backbone
3. two paris of appendages
4. closed circulatory sys.
5. heart with two or more chambers
6. large central cavity containing vital organs
Ectothermic
cold-blooded
endothermic
warm-blooded
3 chamber heart
amphibians
first tetrapod
amphibians
cloaca
storage for food urine and eggs
(amphibians)
advancement of reptiles over amphibians because of life cycle on land
amneote egg
birds, reptiles, and humans all have ... in commom
amnion, chorion, and yolk sac
Classification of Man
K. Animalia
P. Chordata
sP. Vertebrata
C. Mammalia
sC. Placentals
O. Primates
F. Hominidae
G. HOmo
S. Sapiens
pouched mammals
marsupials
lay eggs
oviporous
nourish young during development
viviporous
have mammary glands on hair follicles
monotremes
duckbilled platipus and spiny skinned anteater's subclass
monotremes
Fish excrete...
ammonia
mammals and amphibians excrete
urea
birds and reptiles excrete
uric acid
which is least toxic?
most toxic?
least - uric acid
most - ammonia
Adaptations for flight
a. feathers
b. wings
c. no urinary bladder
d. lose an ovary
e. porous bones
f. air sacs
monkeys and lemers... and humans
primates
enlarged canines
carnivora
flying mammals
chirotera
trunk nosed mammals
porboscidea
hoofed animals... both of them
perissodactyla
artiodactyla
two incisors in each jaw
rodentia
shrews and moles
insectivora
sea mammals
cetacea
four incisors
lagormorph
toothless mammals
endentata
(ex. anteaters and sloths)
linear repetition of body parts
segmented
animals that live attached to substrate
sessile
free-swimming stage of life cycles of some cnidarians
medusa
ciliated larval stage of lower invertebrates
planula
central gut of cnidarians
gastroceol
what are cnidarians?
jellyfish
animals that drift freely in water
pelagic
front-end specialization
cephalization
created as water is trapped within gastrocoel of cnidarians ; noncompressiable mass that can change shape but not volume
hydroskelton
type of embryonic development exhibited by echinoderms and all vertebrates
deuterostomes
body cavity lacking mesoderm layer next ot gut
pseudoceolom
type of body cavity in arthropods
coelom
skeleton of arthropods
exoskeleton
larval stage common to all protostomes
trochophore larvae
egg-laying mammals
monotremes
sessile form of cnidarians
polyp
blocks of muscles
myotome
characteristic of all chordates
gill slits
Porifera are...
sponges
encapsulated cell protecting next generation of cells in porifera
gemmules
three types of cells in porifera
Choanocytes (collar cells)
Amebocytes
Spicules
Spicules are made of...
calcium carbonate, silica, spongin???
used for skeletal support
collar cells
9+2 microtuble arrangement
have enzymes to digest food
flow water into sponge
Class of Octopus and Squid
Cephalopoda
(head footed)
First to have oragan systems
Annelida
First to have organs
Platyhelminthes
extracatoroy cells to get rid of nitrogenous waste
flame cells in platyhelminthes
Subphylum of the centipede, millipede, and insects
Uniramia
Blastopore becomes the mouth
protostomes
In class Hirudinea, have anticoagulent used for medical research
leeches
Phylum with Acoelomate
Platyhelminthes
stinging cell
nematocysts
nematocysts are unique to what phylum?
cnidaria
95% of all animals
porifera
ear drum of insects
tympanum
chemical messages from animals of same species (in insects)
pheromones
insects upper lip
labrum
lower lip
labium
holes on abdomen of grasshopper that lead to the trachea
spriacles
Egg depositor on insects
ovipositors
Animals are diverse because...
a. exoskeleton
b. adapt quickly
c. metamorphis
d. complex nervous, endocrine, and sensory systems
Jelly fish are...
Cnidarians
Free living class of flatworms
Turbellaria
Blastopore becomes mouth...
which phylums?
kind of cleavage?
protostome
a. mollusks
b. annelids
c. anthropods
sprial cleavage
Blastopore becomes anus ...
which phylums?\
kind of cleavage?
Deuterostome
a. echinoderms
b. chordates
radial cleavage
first true tissues
ctenophora
Ctenophora example?
comb jellies
Jellyfish Class?
Scyphozoa
Flatworm class including flukes
trematoda
first segmentation
annelida
class with snails, slugs, conches...
Gastopoda (stomach footed)
class of clams, scallops, mussels, oysters
bivalvia (two shells)
first invertebrate with ventral nerve core and dorsal blood vessel
earthworm
exoskeleton of chitin
arthropoda
class of spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, chiggers, daddy long legs
arachnida
shrimp and crayfish are in what class?
crustacea... with crabs, barnacles, lobsters, pillbugs, and water fleas
In Crustacea.. the satellite covering over sephlathorax, that protects the gills
carapace
excretory organs in crustacea
green glands
class in mollusks called axfooted. or hatch footed
bivalvia
what keeps their shells closed?
adductor muscles
Parasitic flat worms
Class?
Cestoda
- ex. tapeworms
what are the head with hooks to catch inside of intestines called... in class cestoda
scolex
in cestoda.. what is a section capapble of reproducing on it's own called?
proglotids
the most abundant animals
nematoda
one way digestion
nemertina
Round worms
nemertoda
What is covered by the mantle that secretes calcium carbonate shell in mollusks?
visceral hump
becomes the digestive cavity
endoderm
becomes the surface epithelium
ectoderm
becomes the muscles and the reproductive organs
mesoderm
in Nemertina... the tube like mouth
proboscis
the brain in the annelida
ganglia
The theckened band around the worm in sections 32 - 37
clitelllum
Tapeworms are in what class of Platyhelminthes
Cestoda
Subphylum of arthropods including crabs and lobsters
Chelicerate
most diverse class of mullusks - includes snails and slugs
gastopoda
ciliated larvae in mullusks
trochophore larvae
Class with leeches
Hirudinea
tympanum are in...
grasshoppers
wormlike protostome with chitoneous exoskeleton
links annelids with uniramia
phylum Onychophora