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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hydrogen bonding |
Slightly negative oxygen atoms attract slightly positive hydrogen atoms from other water molecules |
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High specific heat capacity |
Water requires high amounts of energy for its temperature to be raised by 1 degree Celsius for 1 gram. This is because the hydrogen bonds can absorb a lot of energy Therefore it doesn't experience rapid temperature changes making it an ideal habitat |
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High latent heat of evaporatiom |
It takes a lot of heat energy to break hydrogen bonds between water molecules. So it uses a lot of energy when water evaporates Useful for cooling living organisms which is why some mammals like humans sweat in high temps. When sweat evaporates it cools the surface of the skin |
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Water is cohesive |
It's polarity makes it very cohesive since water molecules attract other water molecules This helps water to flow which makes it great for transporting substances as well as transporting water up narrow tubes like plant stems in the transpiration stream |
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Water in plants |
Cohesion and adhesion allow water to travel up the xylem vessel in the vascular tissue, acting as a coolant as well as being used to transport minerals and other soluble around the plant |
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Water as a solvent |
Water's polarity makes it a good solvent for important substances in biological reactions since a lot of them are ionic such as salt. Ionic molecules are made up of one positively charged atom/molecule and one negatively charged. Therefore, the slightly positive end of water will attract the negative ion and vice versa so the ions will be totally surrounded by water molecules - in other words they'll dissolve For example it allows important ions to be transported in blood around the human body |
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Water is less dense as a solid |
Water freezes at low temperatures- becoming a solid The molecules are held further apart because each molecule forms 4 hydrogen bonds crating a lattice shape, making it less dense so it floats In cold temperatures, ice forms a insulating layer on top of water so the water below doesn't freeze and organisms such as fish don't freeze and can still move around |
