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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 stages of the human development in the womb?
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Zygote, Blastocyst, gastrula, organogensis
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What is cellular differentiation?
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All cells are different when we are an adult. Cells become specialized into lung cells, stomach, nerves, etc.
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What makes cells differentiate?
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By gene expression, chemicals, or environment.
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How long does it take for cell differentiation to begin?
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3 weeks in the gastrula stage.
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What are the 4 major groupings of cells during the gastrula stage?
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Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, germ cells.
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What type of cells originate from the endoderm, mesoderm, endoderm, and germ cells?
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endoderm- lung thyroid
mesoderm - skeletal, muscle, red blood cells extoderm- pigment cells, skin germ cells- males = sperm cells, females = egg cells |
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Name the stages from cells to the human body.
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cells- tissues- organs- organ systems- human body.
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Define tissues
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A group of similar cells that perform a single function.
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What is the overall function of the connective tissue?
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support and connects parts.
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The overall function of the nervous system?
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Controls and coordinates the bodies response to internal and external stimuli.
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What is a neuron?
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A cell that transmits impulses carried by the nervous system.
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What is the difference between the central and peripheral nervous system?
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Central is the brain and spinal cord.
peripheral is the extremeties and all other neurons. |
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What is the overall function of the skeletal system?
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skeletal system supports the body and protection to organs, movement, stores minerals, blood cell formation. 206 bones total.
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What is a Joint?
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Connects one bone to another bone.
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What are the 3 types of joints?
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1. immovable 2. slightly movable, 3. freely movable.
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What are the 4 types of freely moveable joints?
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1. ball & socket-shoulder
2. Hinge joint- knee 3. pivot joint- elbow 4. saddle joint- finger |
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What is the job of the MUSCULAR Ssytem?
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Powers every movement
Helps circulate blood receives food throught the endocrine system |
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Name the 3 types of muscle
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1. Skeletal (bones
2. Smooth (stomach, blood vessels 3. Cardiac (heart) |
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Name and explane the two types of muscle control
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1 voluntary individual is able to control (move hand)
2 involuntary Individual has little or no control (heart) |
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Muscles attach to bone by?
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muscles attach to bone by tendons
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Muscles attach to muscles by ?
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muscles attach to muscle by ligaments
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Integumentary System
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Protection from
infection, UV from sun, regulate body temp, removes waste throught sweat |
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Organs of the Integumentary System
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skin, hair, nails
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Skin
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2 layers:
epidermis outer later (dead) dermis under layers Line cells |
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Body temp.
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sweating controls by evaporative process through sweat glands
when water evaportes cooling process occurs |
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Circulatory Sys.
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Transportation system
Goes through out the entire body oxygen carbon dioxide exchange |
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Circulatory Sys.
Transports what through out the body |
Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Nutrients, wastes, hormones,
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Heart
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Pumps blood through blood vessels
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3 types of heart vessels
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veins: carry blood toward heart
Capillaries small Arteries: Carry blood away from the heart |
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Lymphatic system
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collects fludid lost from blood
fights infection Lymph nodes molecules to fight off infection |
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Immune System
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fight infection through production of cells that inactivate foreign substances or cells
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Immune system defences
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1st skin
2nd Inflammatory responce Specific defences antibodies fight off a peticular microorganism |
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Respiratory System
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exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood, air tissues
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Respiratory System
Order of Flow |
nose(pharnyx), larnyx, lungs
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Respiratory System
Diaphram |
muscle is dome shaped
on inhale makes more space goes up and down to inhale and exhale |
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Digestive System
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breaks down food into small molecules that can be passed to the cells
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Digestive System
Mouth |
breaks down food by teeth and enzymes
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Digestive System
Esophagus |
tube connecting the mouth and stomach
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Digestive System
Stomach |
more enzymes break down food and stomach churns food
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Digestive System
Small Intestine |
more enzymes break down food
it is absorbed into the blood system |
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Digestive System
Large Intestine |
remove water from undigested food that is left
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Digestive System
Pancreas |
produces enzymes
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Digestive System
Liver |
makes bile ond salts, breaks down disolves and disperses droplets of fat
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Digestive System
Gall Bladder |
Stores bile
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Digestive System
enzymes |
proteins that break downinto small molecules
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Waste from Blood
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1 kidneys major organ
2 ureter 3 urinary bladder 4 urethra |
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Kidneys
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make urine
blood filtered in Kidneys |
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Endrocrine System
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Releases hormones into the blood and delivers messages through out the body
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Endrocrine System
glands |
mian one thyroid
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Endrocrine System
Hormones |
Chemicals released in one part of the body and tell another part of the body to do something messenger & maintains homeostatis
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Reproductive System
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Sperm from testes (male)
eggs from overies (female) |
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Menstral Cycle
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happens approximately every 28 days
egg released from ovary goes through faleopian tube into Uterus - no fertilazation linning shed |
