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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Evolution |
Is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors. |
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Species |
Is a group of organisms so similar to one another that they can reproduce and have fertile offspring. |
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Variation |
Individuals in a population vary and have individual traits that may affect ability to survive and reproduce. |
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Adaptation |
A trait that makes an individual successful in its environment. Allows organisms to better survive in their environment. |
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Artificial Selection |
Process by which humans modify a species by breeding it for certain traits. |
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Heritability |
Ability of a trait to be passed from one generation to the next |
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Natural Selection |
Nature changes species by ''selecting" traits and produce more offspring. |
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Population |
All of the individuals of a species that live in the same area. |
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Fitness |
the genetic contribution of an individual to the next generation's gene pool relative to the average for the population
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Homologous Structure |
Body part that is similar in structure on different organisms but perform different functions. |
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Analogous Structue |
Body part that is similar in function as a body part of another organism but is structurally different. |
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Vestigial Structure |
Remnants of an organ or structure that functioned in an earlier ancestor. |
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Paleontology |
Study of fossils or extinct organisms |
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Gene Pool |
Collection of alleles found in all of the individuals of a population. |
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Allele Frequency |
Show the genetic diversity of a species population or equivalently the richness of its gene pool.
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Micro evolution |
Evolutionary change within a species or small group of organisms, especially over a short period.
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Gene Flow |
Is the transfer of alleles or genes from one population to another.
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Genetic Drift |
Is the change in the frequency of a gene variant (allele) in a population due to random sampling of organisms.
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Convergent evolution |
is the process whereby organisms not closely related ,independently evolve similar traits as a result of having to adapt to similar environments or ecological niches.
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Divergent evolution |
Is the accumulation of differences between groups which can lead to the formation of new species
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Co evolution |
is "the change of a biological object triggered by the change of a related object".
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Extinction |
the state or process of a species, family, or larger group being or becoming extinct or gone.
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Punctuated equilibrium |
is a theory in evolutionary biology which proposes that once species appear in the fossil record they will become stable
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Adaptive radiation |
the diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches.
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