Biology

Front 1

What is the positively charged particle in an atom

Back 1

proton

Front 2

What three sub atomic particles make up atoms

Back 2

They are protons neutrons and electrons

Front 3

Nucleus

Back 3

Center of an atom contains protons and neutrons

Front 4

Electron

Back 4

Negatively charged particle 1/1840 mass of a proton

Front 5

How are all the elements of an isotope similar

Back 5

They have the same number of electrons and same chemical properties

Front 6

Element

Back 6

Pure substance consisting of only one type of atom

Front 7

The number of protons in the nucleus of an element

Back 7

Atomic number

Front 8

Atoms of the same element that don't have the same number of neutrons

Back 8

isotopes

Front 9

Atomic mass

Back 9

The weighted average of the masses of an elements isotopes

Front 10

Radioactive isotopes

Back 10

Nuclei is unstable and breaks down

Front 11

In what ways do compounds differ from their component elements

Back 11

They are usually very different from tosh of the elements from which it was formed

Front 12

Chemical Compound

Back 12

Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements I definite proportions

Front 13

What are the main types of chemical bonds

Back 13

The main types of chemical bonds are ionic and covalent bonds

Front 14

Valence electrons

Back 14

Electrons available to form bonds

Front 15

Ionic bond

Back 15

bond formed when electrons are transferred fro one atom to another

Front 16

What happens when an atom loses an electron? what happens when they gain an electron

Back 16

When an atom loses an electron it becomes positively charged. When it gains electrons it gives it a negative charge.

Front 17

Ions

Back 17

Positive and negative charged atoms

Front 18

Single double and triple covalent bond

Back 18

Single is when an atom shares two electrons. Double is when it shares 4 electrons. Triple is when it shares six electrons

Front 19

Molecule

Back 19

Smallest unit of most compounds

Front 20

Van deer wall forces

Back 20

intermolecular forces of attraction

Front 21

How does the structure of water contribute to its unique properties

Back 21

Because water is a polar molecule and is able to form multiple hydrogen bonds

Front 22

A molecule where charges are unevenly distribitudedd

Back 22

polar

Front 23

The attraction between a hydrogen atom with a partial positive and partial negative charge

Back 23

Hydrogen bond

Front 24

Common negative atoms involved in hydrogen bonding

Back 24

Oxygen nitrogen fluorine

Front 25

Cohesion

Back 25

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

Front 26

adhesion

Back 26

Attraction between molecules of different substances

Front 27

Capillary action

Back 27

Force that draws water out of roots of a plant to its stem and leaves

Front 28

Name the 5 properties of water

Back 28

Cohesion adhesion Heat capacity Polarity and hydrogen bonding

Front 29

What does water being a polar molecule mean

Back 29

Larger oxygen atom is a negative charge leaving hydrogen with a slight positive charge

Front 30

What makes an organic molecule

Back 30

Carbon

Front 31

Name 4 macromolecules

Back 31

Nucleic Acids Lipids Carbohydrates and Protein

Front 32

Protein function

Back 32

To build up tissue

Front 33

Lipids function

Back 33

To store long term energy

Front 34

Carbohydrates function

Back 34

Source of energy

Front 35

Nucleic acids function

Back 35

Store genetic information

Front 36

Carbohydrate structure

Back 36

Ring structure like stop sign octagonal

Front 37

Lipid structure

Back 37

Chain +++

+++

+++

Front 38

What causes adhesion and cohesion in water molecules

Back 38

Hydrogen bonds do

Front 39

Enzymes are very specific generally working in one chemical reaction They can be affected by Temperature, P.H. and Regulatory molecules

Back 39

True

Front 40

A substance that speeds up the rate of the chemical reaction

Back 40

Catalyst

Front 41

If amino acids are the building blocks of proteins the ___________ makes polysacharides

Back 41

monosaccharides

Front 42

Mixture

Back 42

Physically combined compound that can be taken apart

Front 43

Solution

Back 43

Chemical compound evenly distributed in water

Front 44

Suspension

Back 44

Not mixed thoroughly like water and oil

Front 45

If it releases energy in one direction the opposite direction will

Back 45

absorb

Front 46

Energy needed to get a reaction started

Back 46

Activation

Front 47

Isotopes

Back 47

Same number of protons different number of neutron

Front 48

What makes water bond

Back 48

There are four valence electrons

Front 49

How does waters polarity influence its properties as a solvent

Back 49

Waters polarity gives it the ability to dissolve both ionic compounds and polar molecules

Front 50

PH scale

Back 50

Measurement system to indicate concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions

Front 51

Acid

Back 51

Compound that forms H+ ions in a solution

Front 52

Base

Back 52

Compound that forms OH- ions in a solution

Front 53

Buffers

Back 53

Weak acids or bases that react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp sudden changes in PH

Front 54

Why is it important for cells to buffer solutions against rapid changes in PH

Back 54

They play an important role in maintaining homeostasis

Front 55

What elements does carbon bond with to make up life's molecules

Back 55

They bond with hydrogen oxygen phosphorous sulfur and nitrogen to form the molecules of life

Front 56

Monomers

Back 56

Small molecules that join up to make polymers

Front 57

Polymers

Back 57

Made up of monomers

Front 58

Carbohydrates are made Up of

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Carbon hydrogen oxygen in ratio 1:2:1

Front 59

monosaccharide

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Single sugar molecules known as glucose

Front 60

Polysaccharide l

Back 60

Large molecules formed from monosaccharide called animal starch sometimes

Front 61

Lipids are made of

Back 61

Carbon and hydrogen

Front 62

What do Nucleic acids contain

Back 62

They contain hydrogen oxygen nitrogen carbon and phosphorous

Front 63

Nucleotides

Back 63

Polymers assembled from individual monomers they consist of 3 parts 5 carbon sugar phosphate group and a nitrogen base

Front 64

Proteins contain

Back 64

Nitrogen carbon hydrogen and oxygen

Front 65

Amino acids

Back 65

Compounds with an amino group

Front 66

What happens to chemical compounds during reactions

Back 66

They involve changes in chemical bonds that join atoms in compounds

Front 67

How do energy changes affect whether a chemical reaction will occur

Back 67

Chemical reactions that release energy often occur on their own. Chemical reactions that absorb energy will not occur without a source of energy

Front 68

Chemical Reaction

Back 68

Process that changes or transforms one set of chemicals to another

Front 69

Reactants

Back 69

The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction

Front 70

The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction

Back 70

products

Front 71

Enzymes

Back 71

Proteins that act as biological catalysts and they speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells

Front 72

Carbonic Anhydrase

Back 72

It catalyzes reverse reaction that removes water from carbonic acid

Front 73

The recants of enzyme catalyzed reactions

Back 73

Substrates