Biology 6 Chapter 35 Plant Structure, Gowtth, And Development

Front 1

Roots

Back 1

multicullular organ that carries out thefunctions

Front 2

Tap Root

Back 2

one main vertical root that stores organic nutrients(carbs)

Front 3

Lateral roots

Back 3

roots that branch from the taproot

Front 4

Root hairs

Back 4

extentions of roots, increase surface area

Front 5

Fibrous root system

Back 5

mat of fine roots spreading out just benieth the soil surface

Front 6

Stem

Back 6

an alteratiing system of nodes(leaf attachments and internodes (segments between nods

Front 7

axillary bud

Back 7

forms lateral shoot (branch )

Front 8

Terminal/apical bud

Back 8

forms apex shoot

Front 9

Apical dominance

Back 9

restricted axilary bud growth, allowing ....

Front 10

Leaves

Back 10

main photosynthetic organ in most vescular plants

Front 11

Leaf Anatomy

Back 11

Blade=leaf

petiole=join blade to stem

viens=vascular tissue with in the leaF

Front 12

Epidermis

Back 12

outer protective covering, ususally a single tissue layer tightly packed cells, first line of defence against physical damage, pathogens

Front 13

Cuticle

Back 13

waxy coating on the epidermal surface, protects against desolation (drying out)

Front 14

Xylem

Back 14

transports water and dissolved materials upwards, from the roots to the shoots

Front 15

Phloem

Back 15

trasnsports organic nutrients from leavesdownward to roots, also to new growth (leaves and fruits)

Front 16

Pith

Back 16

ground tissue internal to vasular t...

Front 17

Cortex (cork)

Back 17

ground tissue external to vascular tissue

Front 18

parenchyma

Back 18

typical plant cells

Front 19

Collenchyma

Back 19

support young plant cells

Front 20

Sclerenchyma

Back 20

support old plant parts

Front 21

xylem

Back 21

Forms walls for water transport out of dead tissue ( wood)

Front 22

Phloem

Back 22

forms tubes for nutrient transport out of living tissue

Front 23

Meristems

Back 23

perpetually bembryonic tissues
( they continue to grow)

Front 24

Apical Meristems

Back 24

located in tips of roots and buds of shoots
(1 degree =length)

Front 25

Lateral meristems

Back 25

located along length of roots and stems (2º growth = width/girth by vascular & cork cambium)

Front 26

Root cap

Back 26

protects the root tips as the root grows, also cecretes slime

Front 27

Stele

Back 27

vascular cylinder composed of the xylem and phloem in most plants

Front 28

Pericycle

Back 28

cells from which lateal roots arise, outermost cells in stele


....

Front 29

Shoot apical meristems ( SAM)

Back 29

dome shaped mass of cells at shoot tips

Front 30

Leaf perordia

Back 30

finger like leaf projections along the sides of the SAM

Front 31

Eudicots (dicots)

Back 31

vasular tissue arranged in ring
(xylem =interior)
(phloem =exterior)

Front 32

Monocots

Back 32

vascular tissue scattered in rings (xylem – larger, phloem – smaller)

Front 33

Stomata

Back 33

pores that allow gas exchange ( O2 and CO2 ) betwwen air and chloroplasts, also allow evaporative water loss

Front 34

Guard Cells

Back 34

regulate opening and closing of stomata

Front 35

Vascular cambium

Back 35

undifferentiated cells that increase phloem and xylem (b mitosis)

Front 36

Cork cambium

Back 36

– produces a tough, thick outer covering (bark – all tissues external to the vascular cambium)