Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Atom
|
Basic unit of matter
|
|
|
Nucleus
|
Center of the atom. Contains the protons and neutrons
|
|
|
Electron
|
A negatively charged particle.
|
|
|
Element
|
Pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
|
|
|
Isotopes
|
Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons that contain.
|
|
|
Compound
|
A substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
|
|
|
Ionic bonds
|
A bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from on eatom to another.
|
|
|
Ions
|
Positively and negatively charged atoms.
|
|
|
Covalent Bond
|
A bond formed when electrons are shared between atoms.
|
|
|
Moelcule
|
The smallest unit of compounds.
|
|
|
van der Waals forces
|
Intramolecular forces of attraction.
|
|
|
Cohesion
|
An attraction between molecules of the same substance.
|
|
|
Adhesion
|
An attraction between moelecules of different substances.
|
|
|
Mixture
|
A material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are phsyically mixed together but not chemically combineds. i.e., salt
|
|
|
Solution
|
Two subtances and their ions are evenly dispered in water.
|
|
|
Solute
|
The substance in a solution that is being dissovled, i.e., salt in salt water
|
|
|
Solvent
|
The substance in which the solute is being dissolved. i.e., water in salt water
|
|
|
Suspensions
|
A mixture of substances that contain small particles, which are suspended.
|
|
|
pH scale
|
A measurement system used to indicate the concentration of H+ ions in solution. Range from 0 to 14. Lower the pH the higher the acidity. Higher the pH, the higher the basic properties.
|
|
|
Acid
|
Any compound that forms H+ ions in solution. pH below 7
|
|
|
Base
|
Compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH ions) in solution. higher than 7
|
|
|
Buffers
|
Weak acids of based that can react with strong acids or based to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH.
|
|
|
Monomers
|
Small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers.
|
|
|
Polymers
|
Large compound form ed from combinations of many monomers (poly = several)
|
|
|
Carbohydrates
|
Compounds made up of carbon, hyrdogen and oxygen atoms, usually in a ration of 1:2:1.
|
|
|
Monosaccharides
|
Single sugar molecules
|
|
|
Polysaccharides
|
Large macromolecules formed from joining monosaccarides.
|
|
|
Lipids
|
Non soluble molecules, made from carbon and hydrogen, i.e., fats
|
|
|
Nucleic acids
|
Macromolecules containing oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorous.
|
|
|
Nucleotides
|
Nucleic acids made up of a 5 - carbon sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base.
|
|
|
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
|
Single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose. They store genetic informaiton
|
|
|
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
|
Double stranded nucleic acid tha contains the sugar deoxyribose and is used to store genetic information
|
|
|
Proteins
|
Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. Needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes.
|
|
|
Amino Acids
|
Compound with an amino group (-NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) on the other end.
|
|
|
Chemical Reactions
|
A process that changes, or tansforms one set of chemical into another
|
|
|
Reactants
|
Elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reactions
|
|
|
Products
|
Elements or compounds that are produced by a chemical reaction.
|
|
|
Activation Energy
|
Energy needed to start a chemical reaction
|
|
|
Catalyst
|
A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reatcion
|
|
|
Enzymes
|
Proteins that act as biological catalystss. Ensymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells.
|
|
|
Substrates
|
Reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
|
