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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The life function of transport in an organism directly involves those activities used to |
absorb and distribute materials |
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Nutrition involved those activities by which organisms |
obtain and process materials needed for other activities |
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ATP is a compound that is synthesized (ATP is energy) |
energy stored in chemical bonds is released during cellular respiration |
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One characteristic of all living things is that they |
maintain internal stability |
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Homeostasis is maintained in a single-celled organism by the interaction of |
organelles |
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What is an example of feedback mechanism? |
sweating (helps cool the body during strenuous exercise) |
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What is excretion? |
metabolic wastes from a cell |
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1) Genus 2) Kingdom 3) Phylum 4) Species |
2) Kingdom, 3) Phylum, 1) Genus, 4) Species |
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What two cell structures work together in the process of protein synthesis? |
nucleus and ribosome |
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Where is DNA located in a cell? |
nucleus |
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What is the primary function of the ribosome? |
protein synthesis |
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What organelle releases energy for metabolic activity in cells? |
mitochondrion |
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Inorganic compound |
does not contain carbon |
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What substance plays a major role in most of the chemical reactions that occur in a living cell? |
water |
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As temperature increases, the rate of a reaction will.... |
increase |
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What is a calorie? |
amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 Celsius degree |
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Cellular Respiration |
process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules in the process of oxygen |
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What is the equation for cellular respiration? |
6O2 + C6H12O6 --> 6CO2 +6H2O + energy |
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Where does glycolysis take place? |
Cytoplasm |
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Where do the Krebs cycle and electron transport take place? |
mitochondrion |
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What is glycolysis? |
process when one molecule of glucose is broken in half, producing two molecules of pyruvic acid |
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How does the cell get glycolysis going? |
splits a glucose molecule |
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What is NAD+? |
an electron carrier |
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Anaerobic reaction |
does not require oxygen |
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Fermentation |
energy releasing process from food molecules after glycolysis when oxygen is not present |
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What are the two types of fermentation? |
-Alcoholic -Lactic Acid |
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How does the body generate the necessary ATP? |
Reserved energy (glycogen) |
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Autotraph |
-make their own food -plants
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Heterotroph |
-obtain energy from the food they eat -animals |
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How are ATP and ADP different? |
They are the same except ADP has less energy
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How does a cell store small amounts of the available energy? |
The cell has an extra phosphate |
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What two ways is the energy provided by ATP used? |
-Active Transport -Powers movement within the cell
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Photosynthesis |
plants use the energy of sunlight to convert water and CO2 into O2 and high energy carbohydrates (sugars and starches) |
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Equation for Photosynthesis |
6CO2 + 6H2O -(light)-> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
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Photo synthesis requires water, carbon dioxide, ________, and ________ |
-light -chlorophyll |
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Pigments |
light-absorbing molecules that plants gather the sun's energy with |
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Chlorophyll |
principle pigment of plants |
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Chlorophyll absorbs _______ and _______ very well |
-blue-violet -red |
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Thylakoid |
saclike photosynthetic membranes that are contained in chloroplasts |
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Two stages of photosynthesis |
-light-dependent -calvin cycle (light independent) |
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Life's Hierarchy Order |
atom -> molecules -> organelles -> cell -> tissue -> organs -> organ system -> organism -> population -> community -> ecosystem -> biome -> biosphere
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