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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Organic Molecule
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Carbon based molecule
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Inorganic molecule
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Carbon lacking molecule
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Hydrocarbons
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Hydrogen and carbon molecules
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Functional Group
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A group of atoms within a molecule that interacts in a predictable way with other molecules
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Hydrophilic
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Molecules that attract water
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Monomers
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A single molecule that chains together
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Polymers
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A chain of monomers
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Carbohydrate
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Organic compound made of sugar molecules
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Monosaccharides
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Simple sugars such as Glucose, Fructose, and galactose
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Disaccharide
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Double sugar from two monosaccharides
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Polysaccharides
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COmplex carbohydrates
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Starch
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A polysaccharide found in plant cells that consists entirely of glucose monomers
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Glycogen
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The form of polysaccharides animals use to store excess sugar
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cellulose
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Acts as a building material
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lipid
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Oil based copounds that arewater avoiding
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hydrophobic
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Water avoiding
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fat
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consists of a three-carbon backbone called glyceral
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Saturated fats
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is a fat which all three fatty acids chains are available
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Unsaturated Fats
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Contains less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in one or more of its fatty acid chains
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steroid
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A lipid molecule in which the carbon skeleton forms four fused rings
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Cholesterol
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is an essential molecule that is a steroid.
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Protein
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ia a polymer constructed from a set of just 20 kinds of monomers called amino acids
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amino acid
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a Monomer that consists of a central carbon atom bonded to four partners.
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Polypeptide
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Cells that create proteins by linking amino acids
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denaturation
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when a protein looses its form due to change in environment, Ph, or temperature.
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Activation Energy
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Start-up energy that activates reactants and triggers a chemical reaction
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Catlysts
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Compounds that speed up chemical reactions
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Enzymes
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Special proteins that are the main catalysts in a chemical reaction
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Substrate
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The specific reactant acted upon by the enzyme
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Active Site
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This is where the substratefits in
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