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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what takes place during photosynthesis |
uses the energy from sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugar and oxygen |
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what are the final products of photosynthesis |
glucose and oxygen |
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organisms that carry out photosynthesis must also |
undergo cellular respiration |
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Where does photosynthesis take place |
chloroplasts |
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cellular respiration is carried out in the _____ and ______ of eukaryotes such as plants and animals. Cellular respiration converts ____ and ____ to carbon dioxide, water and cellular energy |
cytoplasm, mitochondria, glucose, oxygen |
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energy from the sun travels in the form ____ |
light |
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define pigments |
molecules found in plants that absorb different wavelengths of light |
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stored energy from sugars will be used for |
cellular activity |
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what colors are absorbed by chlorophyll |
blue, violet, and red |
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what color is reflected by chlorophyll |
green |
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carotene or carotenoids are accessory pigments. What colors do they absorb? |
blue and green |
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what colors do carotene and carotenoids reflect |
red and orange |
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describe thylakoids |
flattened sac like structure |
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describe grana |
thylakoids arranged in stacks |
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describe photosystems |
clusters of pigments located in thylakoids |
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where do the light dependent reactions take place during photosynthesis |
inside the thylakoids |
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where does the calvin cycle of photosynthesis take place |
inside the stroma |
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describe stroma |
watery region outside the thylakoids |
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what is the function of the stomata |
opening on the underside of leaves that allow carbon dioxide and oxygen to pass through |
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where is nadph produced |
in chlorophyll |
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where do the light dependent reactions take place |
in chlorophyll |
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what is taken in light dependent reactions |
solar energy and water |
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what is produced in light dependent reactions |
oxygen gas, atp, and nadph |
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pigments in a protein called photosystem ll absorb |
light |
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how is water broken down in the steps of light dependent reactions and what are the results |
an enzyme breaks water down into hydrogen ions, oxygen gas, and energized electrons |
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_________ gas is released into the atmosphere . |
oxygen |
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what happens to hydrogen ions released from the breakdown of water molecules? |
remain in thylakoid space |
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_____ ______ electrons move from photosystem ll to photosystem l |
high energy |
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what is the function of nadph |
an electron carrier and used to make sugar in the calvin cycle |
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energized electrons transport more hydrogen ions into the ______ _____ _____ |
thylakoid membrane space |
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what is the result of the transporting of hydrogen ions |
now a more positive charge in thylakoid space, the stroma outside the thylakoid space has a negative charge, hydrogen ions will move from higher concentration to lower concentration |
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the difference in charges causes the hydrogen ions to move through _____ _____ _____ |
atp synthase protein |
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this movement produces _____ |
energy |
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what are the final products of the light dependent cycle |
atp, nadph, and oxygen gas |
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what are the functions of atp and nadph in the calvin cycle |
to make sugar |
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is light required for atp and nadph to make sugar |
no |
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where does the calvin cycle take place |
stroma |
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during the calvin cycle,___ ___ enters and reacts with other carbon molecules |
carbon dioxide |
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how will the new molecules produced during the calvin cycle be used |
to make sugars, lipids, amino acids and other compounds |
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what are the effects on the rate of photosynthesis from too little water |
slows or stops photosynthesis |
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give one example of an adaptation to dry water |
desert plants |
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enzymes used during photosynthesis function best between ___ degrees celsius and ___ degrees celsius |
0, 35 |
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how does the amount of available light affect the rate of photosynthesis |
increases or decreases rate of photosynthesis |
