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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the cell's structure and function?
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highly organized, tiny sturctures with thin coverings called membranes
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What is reproduction?
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the process in which organisms make more of their own kind from one generation to the next
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What is metabolism?
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it is the sum of all chemical reactions carried out in an organism
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What is homeostasis?
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the maintenance of stable internal conditions in spite of changes in the external enviroment
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What is evolution?
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the change in heredity from parent to offspring over time--adaptation
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What are genes?
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inheirited instructions for makin protiens; they control when and what protiens are made
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what is mutation?
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a change in the DNA of a gene; most are harmful but sometimes help an organism survive
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what is a species?
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a group of genectically similar organisms that can produce fertile offspring
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explain natural selection
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the process in which in a species certain organisms adapt to enviromental changes and some do not; the ones who do pass it on to the offspring
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explain interdependence
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organisms who are dependent on one another and their enviroment
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what is symbiosis?
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two organisms somehow related that need each other to survive
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what is predation?
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predator(bigger) and prey(smaller)- prey gives energy: predator moves: prey gives predator practice
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what is parasitism?
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parasite(smaller) and host (bigger)-parasite feed off the host: doesnt always kill host (needs it for later)
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what is mutalism?
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when two organisms help each other out to survive (such plants and bees)
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what is competition?
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two organisms competing for mat/food/or territory: if one is more adapt then he will run the other out
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what is commensalism?
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one organism will benefit and the wont get anything: (such as sharks and remoras: attached to shark for the ride:shark not hurt)
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What is AIDS?
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(acquired immune deficiency syndrome)can be caused by a the HIV--eventually will not able to defend themselves from normal infections and can die
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What is HIV?
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(Human Immunodeficiency virus)-virus that destroys the immune system which and lead to AIDS.
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what is cancer?
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a growth disorader of cells that occurs when cells divide uncontrollably
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the cause of cancer is..
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the gene that is heriditary wheter it can denfend against it
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what is cyctic fibrosis?
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a fatal disorder in which abnormally thick mucus builds up in many organs including the lungs which causes difficulty in breathing?
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what is normal mucas?
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clear( the color tells what is causing an infection)
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the cause of cystic fibrosis is ..
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the gene for making a protein that helps pump protien chloride ions onto and out of cells had the wrong instructions.
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What is the scientific method?
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-questioning
-forming a hypothesis -additional observation -making a predicition -confirming prediction |
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What is the scientific method based on?
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observation
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What happens to a control goup during an experiment?
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nothing
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What is the Experimental group?
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a group in an experiment that is tested and experimented on
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what is a dependent variable?
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a variable that changes during an experiment
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what is an independent variable?
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a variable that is measured during an experiment
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Why would you publish your results of an experiment?
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So other can see it and add on to it
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What is the smallest part of matter?
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quark
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substances that are made of only one kind of aton are?
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elements
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electrons
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(-) found outside of the nucleas in the electron cloud
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protons
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(+) found in the nucleas
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neutrons
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(-) found in the neucleas
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What did alexander fleming discover?
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grew bacteria on dish-turned out to be fungus which ate bacteria
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What did David Banting discover?
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dog experiment -found ants in hay- were attracted to sugar in the urine-discovered diabetes
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1st layer has ...
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2 electrons
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2nd layer has...
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8 electrons
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last layer has...
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8 electrons
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electrons determine...
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the chemical properties of an element
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protons determine...
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the physical properties of an element
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what is a hydrogen bond?
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weak bond holding water molecules together
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what is a covalent bond?
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electrons are shared
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what is an ion?
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an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one of more of electrons
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what is an ionic bond?
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bond between to ion
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Characteristics of what are caused by
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hydrogen bonds
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what are the characteristics of water?
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stores heat efficiently-bonds to itself and other substances
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what are acids
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compounds that form hydrogen ions when disolved in water
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what are bases
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compounds that reduce the consentration of hydrogen ions when dissolved in water
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why is pH7 neutral?
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hydrogen and hydroxide cancel each other out and forms water
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the monomer of carbs are...
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carbon hydrogen and oxygen
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the monomer of lipids are...
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carbon hydrogen and oxygen
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the monomer of proteins
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carbon hydrogen and oxygen and nitrogen
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carbs?
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energy
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lipids?
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energy
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proteins?
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build muscle
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what do enzymes do
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are substances that increase the speed of chemical reactions- reduce the activation energy
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