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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Exocytosis
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A process in which wastes and cell products are secreted out of a cell through the cell membrane.
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Endocytosis
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A form of active transport in which a portion of the cell membrane surrounds outside particles and moves them into the cell.
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Osmosis
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The diffusion of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane.
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Diffusion
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The random movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration and more molecules to an area of lower concentration and fewer molecules.
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Active Transport
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Transport of a substance across a cell membrane requiring the use of energy. Usually occurs against a concentration gradient.
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Passive transport
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The movement of a substance across a cell membrane without the use of ATP energy.
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Semipermeable
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Allowing only certain molecules to pass through membrane.
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Vacuole
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A membrane bound sac or compartment within plant cells that absorbs water or may store proteins, ions, and waste products.
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Chloroplasts
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An organelle common in plants and algae that converts sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugars during the process of photosynthesis. Contains chlorophyll.
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Cell wall
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A tough, rigid outer covering that provides a cell with protection and maintenance of its shape.
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Flagella
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Long hair-like structure growing from a cell that contracts in a whiplike motion and aids in the movement of the organism.
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Cilia
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Short, tiny hairlike projections usually found in large numbers on the surface of cells. Aid some eukaryotic cells in movement.
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Mitochondria
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An organelle that changes energy from food compounds into energy (ATP). The ATP is necessary to power the cell's functions. The site of cellular respiration.
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Lysosomes
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A small sac-like organelle that contains digestive enzymes that help the cell break down large molecules of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.
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Golgi apparatus
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A membrane-bound organelle that packages and secretes products of the endoplasmic reticulum from the cell.
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Endoplasmic reticulum
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An extensive network of membranes that transports materials through a cell.
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Ribosomes
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An organelle that helps to assemble proteins from amino acids.
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Eukaryotes
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An organism whose cells have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane.
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Prokaryotes
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Organisms whose cells do not contain a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
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Nucleolus
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A specialized organelle in the nucleus of cells. The site of ribosome production.
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Chromosome
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A structure within a cell that contains that cell's genetic information.
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Nucleus
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The control center of a cell.
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Cytoskeleton
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A network of fibers and tiny tubes throughout the cytoplasm; gives a cell support and helps it to maintain or change its shape.
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Cytoplasm
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A jellylike substance made up primarily of water and the organelles suspended in it. The center for most of the cell's metabolic activity.
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Cytoplasm
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A jellylike substance made up primarily of water and the organelles suspended in it. The center for most of the cell's metabolic activity.
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Phospholipid
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A structural substance found in cell membranes.
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Cell membrane
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A thin layer of lipid and protein separating the cell's contents from the outside environment.
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