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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the goals of science
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to investigate and understand the natural world, to explain eents in the natural world, and to use those explanations to make useful predictions
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what makes science different from other searches for knowledge
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deals only with the natural world, collect and organize info looking for patterns and connections, and propose explanations that can be tested by examining evidence
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what are the characteristics of a good hypothesis
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must be testable, based on info, inference, and imagination
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what is an inference
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logical interpretation based on pprior knowledge or experience
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what are the characteristics of a good theory
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longevity, inspires new thinking/experiments, supported by evidence, able to explain large groups of observations, able to predict outcome of new experiments
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what purpose does the control in an experiment serve
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stays the same and is used to compare variables
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what is the difference btw a manipulated variable and a responding variable
where would you find each one on a graph |
manipulated: deliberately changed (rises gradually)
responding:changes in response to the manipulated (changes as the manipulated changes) |
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why do scientists bother to publish results
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so other scientists can test their experiment
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how does a hypothesis differ from a theory
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hypothesis:propsed scientific explanation for a set of observations
theory:well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations |
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what are the eight characteristics that all living things share
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1.made up of units (cells)
2.reproduce 3.based on a genetic code 4.grow and develop 5.obtain/use materials/energy 6.respond to environment 7.stable internal environment 8.change over time (group) |
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what is homeostasis, metabolism, and evolution
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homeostasis:process in which organisms keep water/temp. stable
metabolism:chemical reactions when an organism builds up/breaks down materials evolution:ability of a group of organisms to change over time |
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what were the experiments or redi, spallanzani, needham, and pasteur
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redi-keep flies away from meat and no maggots (meat in jar)
spallanzani-spontanious generation could occur (hotter gravy) needham:spontaneous generation could occur under the right conditions (gravy) pasteur-all living things come from other living things (long necked flask) |
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what are the levels of biological organization
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biosphere, ecosystem, community, population, organism, cell groups, cells, molecules
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what is the advantage of cell specialization
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organisms can perform different functions
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metric system
celsius temp. scale |
multiples of 10
length-cm, m, mm, km mass-g, kg, mg, t volume-L, mL, cubic cm temp.-0 degrees freezing point, 100 degrees boiling point |
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safety procedures
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1.follow teachers/books directions exactly
2.wash hands after experiment |
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uses of the different tools (microscopes, centrifuge, cell culture)
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compound light-allows light to pass through specimen, uses 2 lenses
electron-uses beams of electrons transmission electron-shines beam of electrons through specimen, details scanning electron- nonliving, beam of electrons back and forth, 3 dimentional centrifuge-instrument that can spin a tupe up to 20,000 times per minute cell culture-group is developed from a single cell |
