Biology

Front 1

Define Active Transport.

Back 1

Carrier protein acts as a pump(sodium/potassium) that causes substances to move against concentration gradient. Carries NA outside + K to the inside Energy (ATP) required.

Front 2

Define Carrier protein.

Back 2

protein molecule that combines with a specific substance and transports it through the plasma membrane. required for facilitated and active transport.

Front 3

Define: Channel protein.

Back 3

Forms a channel to allow a specific molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane.

Front 4

Define: Cholesterol.

Back 4

A steroid that occurs in animal plasma membranes that contributes to plaque development on blood vessel walls.

Front 5

Define: Plasma Membrane permeability?

Back 5

The ease or difficulty with which different substances are free to cross the plasma membrane. Water and gas are free to cross; ions and charged molecules need assitance.

Front 6

Define: Diffusion.

Back 6

Lipid-soluble compounds, water and gases simply diffuse across the membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Front 7

Define Osmosis.

Back 7

Diffusion of water across a differentially permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water.

Front 8

Define Endocytosis.

Back 8

a vesicle is formed at the plasma membrane to bring a substance into the cell. endocytosis includes:phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

Front 9

Define Exocytosis.

Back 9

Involves secretion out of the cell.

Front 10

Define:Facilitated transport.

Back 10

passive transport of a substance into or out of the cell by a carrier protein assist the movement of a molecule down its concentration gradient. No enery is required.

Front 11

Define:Fluid Mosiac model of membrance structure.

Back 11

proteins form a pattern within a bilayer of lipid molecules having a fluid consistency. The proteins are the mosaic portion.

Front 12

define:Glycolipid

Back 12

component of cell membranes composed of a hydrophilic head bonded to a hydrophobic lipid tail.

Front 13

define:Glycoprotein

Back 13

compound composed of a carbohydrate combined with a protein.

Front 14

define: integral protein

Back 14

molecule found embedded in and often spanning the width of the cells plasma membrane. associated with active transport, cell recognition + cell to cell adhesion.

Front 15

define:periphereal protein

Back 15

globular protein associated with the inner surface of the cell membrane

Front 16

Define Active Transport.

Back 16

Carrier protein acts as a pump(sodium/potassium) that causes substances to move against concentration gradient. Carries NA outside + K to the inside Energy (ATP) required.

Front 17

Define Carrier protein.

Back 17

protein molecule that combines with a specific substance and transports in through the plasma membrane. required for facilitated and active transport.

Front 18

Define: Channel protein.

Back 18

Forms a channel to allow a specific molecule or ion to cross the plasma membrane.

Front 19

Define: Cholesterol.

Back 19

A steroid that occurs in animal plasma membranes that contributes to plaque development on blood vessel walls.

Front 20

Define: Plasma Membrane permeability?

Back 20

The ease or difficulty with which different substances are free to cross the plasma membrane. Water and gas are free to cross; ions and charged molecules need assitance.

Front 21

Define: Diffusion.

Back 21

Lipid-soluble compounds, water and gases simply diffuse across the membrane from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Front 22

Define Osmosis.

Back 22

Diffusion of water across a differentially permeable membrane from an area of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water.

Front 23

Define Endocytosis.

Back 23

a vesicle is formed at the plasma membrane to bring a substance into the cell. endocytosis includes:phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

Front 24

Define Exocytosis.

Back 24

Involves secretion out of the cell.

Front 25

Define:Facilitated transport.

Back 25

passive transport of a substance into or out of the cell by a carrier protein assist the movement of a molecule down its concentration gradient. No enery is required.

Front 26

Define:Fluid Mosiac model of membrance structure.

Back 26

proteins form a pattern within a bilayer of lipid molecules having a fluid consistency. The proteins are the mosaic portion.

Front 27

define:Glycolipid

Back 27

component of cell membranes composed of a hydrophilic head bonded to a hydrophobic lipid tail.

Front 28

define:Glycoprotein

Back 28

compound composed of a carbohydrate combined with a protein.

Front 29

define: integral protein

Back 29

molecule found embedded in and often spanning the width of the cells plasma membrane. associated with active transport, cell recognition + cell to cell adhesion.

Front 30

define:periphereal protein

Back 30

globular protein associated with the inner surface of the cell membrane

Front 31

define:phagocytosis.

Back 31

taking in of bacteria and or debris by engulfing; cell eating.

Front 32

define:pinocytosis

Back 32

taking in of fluid along with dissolved solutes by engulfing; cell drinking.

Front 33

define: plasmolysis.

Back 33

shrinking of the cytoplasm contents due to the loss of water. e.g. plant cells placed in hypertonic solution the central vacuole loses water.

Front 34

define. receptor-mediated endocytosis.

Back 34

selective uptake of molecules into a cell by binding to a specific receptor.

Front 35

define sodium-potassium pump.

Back 35

transport protein in the plasma membrane that moves sodium ions out of and potassium ions into animal cells; important in nerve and muscle cells.

Front 36

define solute:

Back 36

substance dissolved in a solvent to form a solution.

Front 37

define solvent.

Back 37

fluid, such as water, that dissolves solutes.

Front 38

define: tonicity

Back 38

degree to which the concentration of solute vs solvent causes fluids to move into or out of cells.

Front 39

define: turgo pressure

Back 39

internal pressure that adds to the strength of a cell and builds up when water moves by osmosis into a cell. the swelling of a plant cell in a hypotonic solution creates turgor pressure.

Front 40

define: enzymatic proteins.

Back 40

proteins that catalyes a specific reaction.