Biology

Front 1

Who is Charles Darwin?

Back 1

The father of evolution

Front 2

What are the four main ideas to Darwin's Theory of Evolution (Natural Selection)?

Back 2

1. Variation within population
2. Some variations allow an organism a better chance of survival
3. More born than expected to survive.
4. Individuals that survive and reproduce pass their traits to the next generation.

Front 3

What is an adaptation? Give Example.

Back 3

Evolution of a structural behavior or internal process that enables an organism to respond to environmental factors and live to produce offspring.

Example: if food supply becomes low, animals will start to eat a different food.

Front 4

Lamarck proposed 3 ideas in his theory on evolution? What are they?

Back 4

1. constantly improving
2. structure not used disappear
3. acquired traits are passed on

Front 5

Briefly describe th following an draw a simple example?

Vestigial Structure

Back 5

Inherited but unused


appendix

Front 6

Briefly describe the following and draw a simple example?

homologous structure

Back 6

similar structure / different function

Front 7

Briefly describe the following and draw a simple example?

analogous structure

Back 7

different structure / similar function.

Front 8

Helps an organism to blend in to their surroundings for protection.

Back 8

camouflage

Front 9

An adaptation of an organism that copies a characteristic of another organisms that provides protection.

Back 9

mimicry

Front 10

A butterfly that has dots on its lower wings to give the appearance of a larger animal.

Back 10

mimicry

Front 11

A walking stick that looks like a tree branch and blends into the tree

Back 11

BOTH - Camouflage and mimicry

Front 12

A frog that is not well seen due to the coloration of its skin.

Back 12

Camouflage

Front 13

According to the Hardy-Weinburg principle, what must happen to insure genetic equilibrium?

Back 13

No natural selection
Random mating
No Migration
No Mutation

Front 14

A population of organisms that interbreed and can produce offspring with the ability to reproduce

Back 14

species

Front 15

A process of change over time

Back 15

evolution

Front 16

Difference that exist among individuals in the same population

Back 16

variation

Front 17

A hypothesis that is supported by evidence

Back 17

theory

Front 18

One girl has brown hair and blue eyes, and the other one has red hair and brown eyes.

Back 18

variation

Front 19

A group of tigers have 6 new cubs

Back 19

species

Front 20

The horse species changes from having 4 toes to a hoove

Back 20

evolution

Front 21

Darwin forms an idea based on all the data he has collected.

Back 21

theory

Front 22

What is the difference between psysiological adaptations and Anatomical adaptations?

Back 22

Physiological - internal change (metabolic process)

Anatomical - Structure of an organism

Front 23

What is it called when a scientist looks at the early stages of development in different species to try and determine if the species were from a common ancestor?

Back 23

embryology

Front 24

Biochemistry is the study of a living organisms chemistry or chemicals contained in their bodies. What are they looking for and what can be determined by comparing those chemicals?

Back 24

If biochemically similiar - fewer differences in amino acid square.

More similarities = more closely related.

Front 25

What are the two types of speciation? Give an example of both.

What is speciation? Two Types:

Back 25

1. Geographis isolation
Frogs seperated by a river

Front 26

As a rose bush evolved, it started to produce thorns to protect itself from getting eaten by animals. This is an example of a(n)?

Back 26

Adaptation

Front 27

True or False

Individual evolve.

Back 27

Answer: False


Correct Answer: Populations evolve

Front 28

The alteration of allelic frequencies by chance events

Back 28

genetic drift

Front 29

All the alleles of a population's genes come together to form this.

Back 29

gene pool

Front 30

How often particular alleles show up in a population.

Back 30

allelic frequencies

Front 31

When the alleles of a population remain the same generation after generation.

Back 31

genetic equilibrium

Front 32

The small population of Amish people that show changes in their population faster that larger population.

Back 32

genetic drift

Front 33

Brown hair shows up in every 1 out of 6 people.

Back 33

allelic frequency

Front 34

Can occur only when either interbreeding or the production of fertile offspring is prevented among members of a population

Back 34

speciation

Front 35

Occurs when formerly interbreeding organisms are prevented form producing fertile offspring.

Back 35

reproductive isolation

Front 36

Polyploid speciation is perhaps the fastest form of speciation because it results in immediate

Back 36

reproductive isolation

Front 37

The hypothesis is supported by evidence from the _________ record.

Back 37

fossil

Front 38

The hypothesis of _________________ states that speciation may occur rapidly.

Back 38

punctuated equilibrium

Front 39

_______ is a technique in which the breeder selects particular traits.

Back 39

artificial selection

Front 40

A structural adaptation enabling an organism to blend in with its

Back 40

camouflage

Front 41

Another structural adaptation call ____________ protects an organism by copying the appearance of another species.

Back 41

mimicry

Front 42

The total number of genes present in a population is the

Back 42

gene pool

Front 43

The __________ is the percentage of a particular allele in a population.

Back 43

allelic frequency

Front 44

The alteration of allelic frequencies by chance events is known as

Back 44

genetic drift

Front 45

_______ is the type of selection that favors average individuals in a population.

Back 45

stabilizing selection

Front 46

______ is a mechanism for change in a population in which organisms with favorable variations live, reproduce, and pass on their favorable traits.

Back 46

natural selection

Front 47

The concept that speciation occurs relatively quickly with long periods of stability in between is known as

Back 47

punctuated equilibrium

Front 48

Any structure that no longer serves its original function in a living organism but may have been used in an ancestor is known as a(n)

Back 48

vestigial structure

Front 49

The evolution of an ancestral species into an array of species that occupy different niches is called

Back 49

adaptive radiation